Roots of Modern Science
The medieval theory that put the earth at the center of the universe.
Geocentric Theory
Who first came up with the idea that the earth revolved around the sun.
Copernicus
What is the logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas. It begins with a problem or question arising from an observation. Scientists next form a hypothesis, or unproved assumption. The hypothesis is then tested in an experiment or on the basis of data. In the final step, scientists analyze and interpret their data to reach a new conclusion. That conclusion either confirms or disproves the hypothesis.
Where did Newton study and what did he study?
Cambridge, England and he studied Math and Physics.
What did they see using the first microscope?
The Greek astronomer that continued the theory that God intentionally put the earth as the center of the universe.
Ptolemy
The theory of the sun at the center is known as:
Heliocentric
Francis Bacon urged scientists to experiment and then draw conclusions. This approach is called:
empiricism or the experimental method
At the age of 26, Newton was certain that:
all physical objects were affected equally by the same forces.
What does a barometer and thermometer measure?
Barometer atmospheric pressure used to predict the weather.
Thermometer measures temperature.
What was a new way of thinking about the natural world, based upon careful observation and a willingness to question accepted beliefs.
The Scientific Revolution
Why did Copernicus wait until he was almost dead before publishing and sharing his theories?
Feared ridicule and persecution from the church.
Who developed analytical geometry, which linked algebra and geometry.
René Descartes
What was Newton's "key idea"?
The key idea that linked motion in the heavens with motion on the earth was the law of universal gravitation.
What did Dr. Vesalius do that revolutionized what we know about the human anatomy?
Vesalius dissected human corpses and published his observations
What did European Explorers see/find on their adventures to new lands that helped with this new approach to science.
People, animals, plants, etc. that they had never seen before.
After Copernicus, Tycho Brahe gathered massive amounts of data about the planetary orbits. Who was the mathematician that made sense of the data and proved that the planets move in an elliptical pattern, not a circle.
Johannes Kepler
Bacon and Descartes were both really important to the Scientific Revolution, but approached things differently. Explain how.
Bacon encouraged experiments and observation.
Descartes wanted proof with math and data.
What was the name of one of the most important scientific books ever written (Newton 1687)?
The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy
What did Dr. Jenner do that saved countless lives?
Edward Jenner introduced a vaccine to prevent smallpox.
Printing press.
Who did the church force to make a false confession after he published books that supported the ideas of Copernicus that the sun was in the center and the earth revolved around the sun.
Galileo
Whose approach did the modern scientists eventually adopt?
Both, scientists have shown that observation and experimentation, together with general laws that can be expressed mathematically, can lead people to a better understanding of the natural world.
Was Newton an atheist?
No, Newton believed the universe was a big clock and God was the clock maker.
Who is the founder of modern chemistry?
Robert Boyle