Key Events
This 1884–1885 meeting set rules for dividing Africa.
What is the Berlin Conference?
20th-century far-right, authoritarian, and ultra-nationalist political ideology
what is Fascism
This country controlled the largest African empire.
Great Britain
Europeans wanted these natural resources like rubber, gold, and diamonds.
Natrual Recources
why did European Countries want africa
Desire for raw materials and new markets drove European expansion.
This principle meant Europeans had to physically occupy land to claim it.
What is effective occupation?
an agreement beetween countries to help eachother
what is an alliance
King Leopold II personally controlled this central African region.
What is the Congo Free State?
This mineral discovered in South Africa increased European interest.
Gold/diamonds
A policy in which a country extends its power over other lands.
imperialism
the Berlin Conference aimed to prevent this between European nations.
What is war/conflict in Europe?
itenital killling of a specific goup of people
genocide
This country colonized Algeria and much of West Africa.
What is France?
Forced labor in the Congo was used to harvest this resource.
rubber
Competition among European nations for power and prestige helped drive overseas expansion.
What is nationalism?
Only two African nations remained independent by 1914. Name one.
What is Ethiopia or Liberia?
Borders drawn without regard to ethnic groups caused future conflicts.
What is artificial boundaries?
This European country controlled Angola and Mozambique.
What is Portugal?
Cash crop farming replaced traditional agriculture to benefit Europe.
What is plantation agriculture?
In the late 1800s, European powers rapidly expanded into Africa in a period known by this term.
The scramble for africa
This explorer helped Belgium gain control of the Congo.
Who is Henry Morton Stanley?
A system in which a powerful country directly governs and exploits another territory for its own benefit.
What is neocolonialism?
This nation unified late and then aggressively sought African colonies.
What is Germany?
European economies benefited while African economies became dependent on this type of economy.
What is an export economy / dependency?
Building colonies overseas helped European countries gain new markets to sell their manufactured goods.
What are new markets?