Eye
What is a common corrective measure for long-sightedness?
A convex lens is used to correct long-sightedness.
Name the three tiny bones in the middle ear.
Hammer, anvil and stirrup
What is the main organ of touch?
The skin
Where are taste receptors located?
On the tongue at the taste buds.
What organ detects smells?
The nose
What are the two types of light receptors in the retina?
Rods and Cones
What is the function of the cochlea?
It converts sound waves to electrical impulses.
What are the layers of the skin?
Epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue (adipose tissue).
Name the four types of taste.
Sweet, sour, salty, and bitter.
What are olfactory neurons?
Specialized cells in the nose that send impulses when they detect odours.
What is the function of the cornea?
It allows light to enter the eye and bends light inwards.
What is the role of the pinna?
It channels sound vibrations into the ear canal.
What is the function of sweat glands?
They secrete water onto the skin surface to cool down the body.
How does smell affect taste?
Smell enhances the flavor experience, as both senses contribute to taste perception.
How many different smells can humans detect?
About 10,000 different smells.
What does the iris do?
It controls the amount of light entering the pupil by changing size.
How does sound travel from the eardrum to the brain?
The eardrum vibrates, causing the ossicles to vibrate and transmit the vibrations to the cochlea, which sends signals to the brain via the auditory nerve.
How does the skin help regulate body temperature?
Through processes like sweating and piloerection.
Why might someone taste food less when they have a cold?
Answer: Because a cold can diminish the sense of smell, which is essential for flavor.
What is the relationship between smell and taste?
Both senses work together to create the perception of flavor.
Describe the process of accommodation.
Accommodation is the ability of the lens to change shape to focus on near and distant objects.
What is glue ear, and how is it treated?
Glue ear is a condition where fluid builds up in the middle ear. Treatment includes removing the adenoid or inserting a grommet to drain the ear.
Describe the process of piloerection.
Piloerection occurs when hairs stand up and erector muscles contract, resulting in goosebumps.
Explain how taste buds send signals to the brain.
Answer: Taste buds detect flavors and send impulses through sensory nerves to the brain for interpretation.
Describe how the brain interprets smells.
The brain processes signals from olfactory neurons to identify and differentiate smells.