Life cycles
(Annual, Biennial, Perennial)
(Annual, Biennial, Perennial)
Annuals
complete their entire life cycle in this amount of time.
One year
The primary reproductive structure of these plants.
Flowers
They are named for having this many seed leaves.
One
This term literally means "naked seed."
Naked Seed
They have this many cotyledons.
Two
Biennials
grow this low cluster of leaves in their first year.
This flower part matures into a fruit to protect seeds.
Ovary
The veins in their leaves typically run in this direction.
Parallel
The most common reproductive structures for this group.
Cones
Their leaf veins usually form this branched, net-like pattern.
Reticulate
Perennials
that die back in winter but regrow from roots.
Herbaceous
A unique process where two sperm cells fertilize the gametophyte.
Double Fertilization
Flower parts usually occur in multiples of this number.
Three
This "living fossil" is the only species left in its division.
Ginkgo
Flower parts typically come in multiples of these two numbers.
Four or five
The process where a Biennial rapidly grows a flower stalk in year two.
Bolting
This major food crop family is a classic monocot example.
80%
This major food crop family is a classic monocot example.
Grasses (corn/wheat)
The group that includes pines, spruces, and firs.
Conifers
Unlike monocots, they usually have this one deep-growing main root.
Taproot
Underground horizontal stems used by many Perennials to spread.
Rhizomes
This "giant" Amazonian angiosperm has leaves 10ft wide.
Victoria amazonica
In their stems, vascular bundles are arranged this way.
Scattered
This Namibian desert plant has only two ever-growing leaves.
Welwitschia
In their stems, vascular bundles are arranged in this geometric shape.
Ring