The War of Roses
Why did the War of Roses occur?
To determine who would be the next King of England.
How many wives did King Henry VIII have?
6
How many children did King Henry VIII have?
3
What religion did King Henry VIII change England to during his reign?
He change the religion from Catholicism to Protestantism.
When did Henry VIII became the king? Was he meant to be king?
In 1509 and no, his older brother Arthur was, but he died.
What are the two families fighting over the throne? What are their symbols?
The Lancaster (Red Rose) + The York (White Rose)
Who was King Henry VIII's first wife?
Catherine of Aragon
Who came into power after King Henry VIII died?
King Edward VI
Name one difference between Catholicism and Protestantism.
understanding the bible, understanding the church, the pope, understanding the office, the sacraments
Why did Henry quickly end his marriage to Anne of Cleves?
He claimed he found her unattractive and the political alliance was no longer useful.
What did King Henry VII do at the end of the War of Roses that would ensure his time as king was peaceful?
He married the Elizabeth of York, uniting the houses.
What was the name of the wife who gave birth to a son?
Jane Seymour
List all Henry's legitimate children and their mothers:
1. Queen Mary I - Catherine of Aragon
2. Elizabeth I - Anne Boleyn
3. Edward VI - Jane Seymour
What are three reasons King Henry VIII wanted to change the religion of England?
To divorce a wife, he was excommunicated from the pope, he wanted more power over the pope, people around England were already changing to Protestantism, etc.
Which two wives were beheaded by King Henry VIII?
Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard
How did Henry VI’s mental illness contribute to the outbreak of the Wars of the Roses?
When he became unable to rule, nobles began competing to control the kingdom, and Richard, Duke of York was appointed Protector. This increased rivalry between Yorkist and Lancastrian factions. Because the king could not make decisions, maintain order, or manage disputes, tensions escalated into open conflict. In short, his illness weakened royal authority so severely that ambitious nobles fought for power, helping trigger the Wars of the Roses.
Who was the only wife who outlived King Henry VIII?
Catherine Parr
Why was Edward VI considered a "puppet king"? Name at least one of his advisors:
Edward VI was 9 years old when he ascended to the throne, so he heavily relied on his advisors to rule.
1. Edward Seymour (Duke of Somerset)
2. John Dudley (Duke of Northumberland)
There were four Tudors who ruled England. Name them and tell whether they were Protestant or Catholic.
Henry VIII- Catholic/Protestant
Edward VI- Protestant
Mary I- Catholic
Elizabeth I- Protestant
Can you list all the wives of Henry VIII in order?
(100 points for naming them all in incorrect order)
1. Catherine of Aragon
2. Anne Boleyn
3. Jane Seymour
4. Anne of Cleves
5. Catherine Howard
6. Catherine Parr
Which battle ultimately won the War of Roses, making Henry Tudor king?
Bonus points: What was the year it took place?
The Battle of Bosworth in 1485
What does Henry’s treatment of his wives reveal about Tudor ideas of marriage and power?
Marriage was political, and the king’s needs outweighed personal feelings; wives were expected to secure heirs and alliances.
Henry VIII was successful in some ways because he strengthened the power of the monarchy, broke from Rome to make himself head of the Church of England, and increased England’s international importance. However, he was also unsuccessful because his decisions caused religious conflict, financial problems, and instability for his children. Overall, he was a powerful ruler, but not always a wise one.
Who was the founder of the reformation?
Martin Luther
When did Edward III died? Who became king after him?
In 1377, his grandson Richard II became king after his father, Edward (The Black Prince) died in 1376.