Important People
A War of 1812 hero and famous president. He became the first presidential candidate to campaign in his run in 1828. A populist and sworn enemy of Henry Clay/John Quincy Adams. “Old Hickory.”
Who is Andrew Jackson?
Democracy that focused on the common man, and rejected federalist ideals of more national government power.
What was Jeffersonian Democracy?
System made by Henry Clay to strengthen the U.S. economically. 3 parts: Bank of the US, Protective Tariffs, and Roads/Canals built by the National government to tie together East and West. President Monroe vetoed the money for canals. Many of them are built by states and private enterprises.
What was the American System?
1807: An act in which Thomas Jefferson bans all foreign trade.
What was the Embargo Act?
A machine made by Eli Whitney that pulled cotton from the seed— increased the need for slaves and boosted agriculture/textiles.
What is the Cotton Gin?
Creator of the American system and the negotiator of the Missouri Compromise. Decides that everytime a state joins one side, another state has to join as reciprocal. The maker of the corrupt bargain.
Who is Henry Clay?
Led by Henry Clay. Party of the urban and those in favor of the American System. Promoted National interests and more federal power/government intervention. Pro-tariff, pro-internal improvements. Middle class reformers, business owners, New England/Urban Midwest. Promoted elite rule.
What was the Whig Party?
Economic effects of the War of 1812 resulted in a new US economy. The US economy transferred into a connected network of economic markets. People moved away from agriculture towards commercial farming. Industrial growth and technological advancements were rampant.
What was the Market Revolution?
Madison refuses to deliver commission to a congress appointee, and as a result is petitioned by the court. This court case established judicial review.
What was Marbury vs. Madison?
A slave named [REDACTED] leads more than 50 followers during a bloody revolt in Southampton, Virginia. It ignited a fear of abolitionism.
What was Nat Turner's Revolt?
A key character in the championing of transcendentalism. A major character in the idea of nonviolent resistance, and was arrested for refusal to pay taxes.
Who is Ralph Waldo Emerson?
Led by Andrew Jackson. Promotion of “states rights” and less federal power/government intervention. Southern and western farmers. Anti-tariff, anti-internal and promotes democracy.
What was the Democratic Party?
A subset of the market revolution; advances in transportation technology.
What was the Transport Revolution?
This was the first election to prove a distinct shift towards the Democratic Republicans. It came down to Burr versus Jefferson, which was a tie in the electoral college. The vote then went towards the House of Representatives, where Hamilton decided to vote for Jefferson– winning him the ultimate vote.
What was the Election of 1800?
1820: Due to westward expansion, Missouri petitions for statehood. However, the addition of Missouri threatened to break the balance of slaveholding states versus nonslaveholding. The result was that Maine would break free of mass, entering as a free state whilst Missouri was a slave state.
What was the Missouri Compromise?
A powerful abolitionist who was born into slavery as well as taught themself how to write and read.
Who is Frederick Douglass?
Dramatically expands voting to nearly all white males rather than only property owners. Also brings about the end of one-party rule. This wasn’t created by Jackson but he benefited from it. Principles: “common man”, limitations on power of the National Gov., increase in the power of the President, Spoil System
What was the Jacksonian Democracy?
1819: Maryland attempts to destroy the Bank of the U.S. by taxing its currency notes. Marshall invokes the idea of implied powers, and declares taxing the bank is unconstitutional.
What was McCullough vs. Maryland?
In the election of 1824, out of four democratic-republican candidates, Andrew Jackson won the most votes however it became a tie for electoral votes. This meant that the vote went to the House of Representatives. Henry Clay (fourth place runner) struck a _______ to make Adams the next president. Clay became Secretary of State with Adams in charge.
What was the Corrupt Bargain?
When a tariff was placed on goods that were manufactured by the North, South Carolina nullifies it and southerners fear that the federal government will continue to affect the southern economy. This would include abolishing slavery.
What was the South Carolina Nullification Crisis?
A famous reporter who went undercover into an asylum and reported the harsh conditions.
Who is Dorothea Dix?
The idea that people should have jobs in government based on their allegiance. To keep “fresh blood” in the government system.
What was the Spoils System?
A paralyzing economic panic engulfs the United States bridging deflation, depression, bankruptcies, bank failures, unemployment, etc. A major cause of the panic was over speculation of land prices. The West was hit the hardest and the BUS was viewed as dangerous.
What was the Panic of 1819?
The next election after the said “corrupt bargain.” Won by Andrew Jackson, who is the first to campaign. His wife becomes slandered, and the divide eventually creates two new democratic parties: the Whigs and Democrats.
What was the Election of 1828?
An abolitionist society founded by William Lloyd Garrison and led by Frederick Douglass
What was the American Anti-Slavery Society?