All about Space
Definitions
All about Stars
Our Solar System
Extras
100
Which is the largest (biggest) out of galaxy, space, solar system, stars?
Space
100
Define solar system
collection of large and small bodies that orbit our central star, sun
100
The actual brightness of a star is measured as a star's ______________.
Luminosity (brightness)
100
Name the planets in order starting from the Sun. Define each planet as either Terrestrial (T) or a Gas-Giant (GG)
Mercury (T)
Venus (T)
Earth (T)
Mars (T)
Jupiter (GG)
Saturn (GG)
Uranus (GG)
Neptune (GG)
100
Stars are bound together by _________
Gravity
200
What is the name of the telescope that we capture the best images of space?
Hubble Space Telescope
200
Define star
large celestial body that is composed of gas and emits light
200
What are the two MAIN gasses that stars are composed of?
Hydrogen (H) and Helium (He)
200
What makes up our solar system?
8 planets that orbit the sun, moons that orbit their planets, astroids, meteroids, comets and stars
200
What is the hottest part of the sun?
Core
300
Identify the shapes of galaxies:
A - ______________
B- __________________
A. Spiral (pinwheel)
B. Elliptical (oval)
300
Define universe
space and all matter and energy in it
300
Stars vary in three things: ___________, __________, and ___________
Size, temperature, and brightness
300
Compare and contrast a terrestrial to gas-giants
Compare: Both are planets
Contrast: Terrestrial planets are rocky, dense, and relatively small. Gas-Giant planets can have thick atmopsheres, ice, rock and dust
300
What are the 3 size categories of stars?
Supergiant, Giant, and Dwarf
400
Name 4 units of measure used in space. (Hint - not inches)
Kilometers (km), Astronomical Units (AU), light-year (ly) and solar radius
400
Define light-year
Distance that light travels through space in 1-year (300,000 km/sec)
400
What are the 4 most common stars that we discussed in class.
[1 point for each]
Sun, Polaris (north star), Sirius (dog star), and Proxima Centauri
400
What makes Earth so special?
[Hint - it is not because you live on it :) ]
Earth has an atmosphere with an ozone layer that protects life from radiation and allows us to breath.
400
Stars are measured in size by solar radii and in temperature by color.
How do size and temperature of stars relate?
Typically, the larger the mass of the star, then the hotter the temperature of the star. The smaller the mass of the star, then the cooler the temperature of the star.
500
MATCH the real life objects to the vocabulary terms by the size of the objects.
Real life objects - boats, sports balls (volleyball, basketball, beachball, ect.), amazon boxes (S, M, L, XL), Ocean, coolers (Big boat coolers)
Vocabulary - Planets, Solar system, Universe, galaxies, stars
Universe: Ocean
Galaxies: Boats
Solar System: Coolers
Stars: Amazon boxes (S, M, L, XL)
Planets:Sport balls
500
Define absolute magnitude and apparent magnitude
[ Hint - think flashlights ]
Absolute magnitude: how bright a star is at a standard distance
Apparent magnitude: how bright a star is as seen by the human eye on Earth
500
What does the color of the star indicate? Put the colors in order and define what they mean.
Color indicated surface temperature. The MAIN (not mixes) colors listed from hottest to coolest is :
Blue - hottest
White
Yellow
Orange
Red - coolest
500
Proxima Centauri; why is it so important?
It is the closest star to both the Sun and the Earth
500
Name in order and LABEL the parts of the sun.
Core - inner most
Chromosphere - middle layers
Photosphere - sun's surface that we SEE
Corona - sun's atmosphere