Urinary System1
This system is responsible for filtration, concentration and elimination of waste
The Urinary System
What is the indentation of the kidney called
Hilum
What is the difference between the male and female urethra
The male urethra is longer than females
This space surrounds the glomerulus and receives filtered fluids called filtrate
Bowman's Capsule
Approximately how many nephrons are in each kidneys
1 million
These hard deposits composed of mineral and salts. Lacking water can cause urine becoming too acidic. This can result in severe pain in the body or during urination, blood or a change in urine color.
Kidney Stones
This 3 step process analyses health through urine sample. Visual exam, Microscopic exam and a dipstick test.
Urinalysis
Occurs when the bladder does not completely empty. May be acute or chronic and may be caused by non-obstruction or obstruction.
Urinary retention
Kidneys
This inner region of the kidney houses the nephrons
Renal Medulla
A muscular tube which transports urine from the bladder to be eliminated outside of the body.
Urethra
Found within the Bowman's capsule composed of many blood capillaries which filter blood and releases fluids called filtrate
Glomerulus
Approximately how many ounces of fluid does your bladder hold for about 2 hours before needing to urinate?
16 ounces
Swelling of a kidney due to urine retention often due to an obstruction
Hydronephrosis
This doctor specializes in diseases and conditions of the urinary tract and treatment of the reproductive tract in men.
Urologists
This disease causes painful bladder syndrome. A chronic condition causing frequent pelvic or bladder pain. Women are twice as likely be affected.
Interstitial Cystitis
What are the 3 main regions of the kidney
Renal Cortex, Renal Medulla and Renal Pelvis
This region of the kidney is located between the renal medulla and the fat capsule. Contains renal arterioles and venules.
Renal Cortex
Transport urine with involuntary and voluntary muscle contractions
Internal urethral sphincter and External urethral sphincter.
What are the structures of the nephron that moves filtrate, reabsorbs non waste products back into the bloodstream, travels through a loop and reabsorption is regulated by hormones and to maintain homeostasis. ( 3 )
Proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle and distal convoluted tubule
Filtrate that enters the Bowman's capsule and will eventually turn into what?
Urine
What disease has multiple cysts or fluid- filled sacs forms in and begin to take over the kidney. Causes the kidney to malfunction.
Polycystic kidney disease
A procedure used to examine the interior portion of the bladder and urethra using a cystoscope.
Cystoscopy
This happens when urine flows backward up to bladder and into the ureters. This could cause damage to the kidneys. Typically affects young children and infants. Affecting girls more often then boys. This disease has two types primary and secondary.
Vesicoureteral Reflux
List all the structural parts that make up the urinary system ( 4 )
Kidneys, Ureter, Bladder, Urethra
This region of the kidney is where the ureter connects to the kidney, blood vessels and nerves pass through.
Renal Pelvis
A muscular sac-like organ which sits on the pelvic floor, expands when urine enters from the ureter.
Bladder
This is the final site of reabsorption within the nephron, connects the nephron to the ureter
Collecting duct
What are the 4 steps in the formation of urine
This disease causes damage to the kidneys which is gradual and ongoing. This disease has 5 stages. Stage 5 requires dialysis. 15% of US adults have this disease.
Chronic Kidney Disease ( Renal Failure )
A device that stimulates the sacral nerve by electrical impulses to connect spinal nerves to nerves of the bladder
Sacral Nerve Stimulation
These two vessels bring blood into the kidney to be filtered and carry blood out of the kidney back to the heart to be pumped throughout the body.
Renal arteries and Renal Veins
These are basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. They regulate water and soluble substances within the blood through filtration
Nephron
The muscular tube that connects each kidney to the bladder. Contains small folds which act like valves to prevent urine from flowing back into the kidney.
Ureter
List the filtration of the blood in a Nephron from the beginning to the end when urine enters into the ureter. ( 6 parts )
Glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, Proximal convoluted tubule, Loop of Henle, Distal convoluted tubule to the collecting ducts.
What 3 things can affect the color of urine.
Hydration, Diet and Health concerns
Also called nephritis. This happens when glomeruli become inflamed causing the kidneys to stop working. This can be acute or chronic.
Glomerulonephritis
This device helps removed urine when the ureter is blocked. A small catheter is inserted into the kidney through the back. Urine drains into an external bag.
Nephrostomy Tube
Most common type of kidney cancer. Occurs when cancer cells form in the tubules of the kidney. Exact cause is unknow and symptoms often do not appear at the beginning.
Renal Cell Carcinoma
Most common treatment for kidney stones. Sends external shocks waves to the area with kidney stones. Works best on the small stones to shatter or break them apart.
Shock wave lithotripsy