Basic Anatomy
Which organ filters blood to form urine?
What are the kidneys
What is the main function of the urinary system?
What is it remove waste and regulate fluid balance
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
What is the nephron
What substance is commonly removed in urine?
What is urea
The __________ stores urine until it is excreted.
What is the bladder
Which structure carries urine from the kidney to the bladder?
What are the ureters
Which process removes waste from the blood in the kidneys?
What is filtration
What is the Loop of Henle responsible for?
What is concentrating urine
Which hormone regulates water reabsorption?
What is ADH
The __________ carries urine out of the body.
What is the urethra
Where does urine exit the body?
What is the urethra
Define filtration in the nephron.
What is the movement of water and small solutes from blood into the nephron
The __________ capsule surrounds the glomerulus.
What is the Bowman's capsule
What is urea and how is it formed?
Waste product from protein breakdown in the liver
What filters the blood
What are the kidneys
What is the main role of the bladder?
It stores the urine
What is reabsorption and why is it important?
Returning needed substances (water, glucose, ions) back to the blood
Name the three processes of urine formation.
What is Filtration, Reabsorption, Secretion
What does ADH do to urine concentration?
Makes urine more concentrated by increasing water reabsorption
What is the functional unit of the kidney
What is the nephron
Put in order: Kidney, Bladder, Ureter, Urethra
Kidney → Ureter → Bladder → Urethra
Explain how the bladder controls urination.
Through sphincters and muscle contractions (micturition reflex)
Describe secretion in the nephron.
Movement of wastes from the blood into the nephron tubule
Blood enters the kidney through the __________ artery.
What is renal artery
Trace urine from formation to exit.
Kidney → Ureter → Bladder → Urethra