a series of stages that children pass through in which pleasure, or gratification, is focused on a particular biological function and body part
What is psychosexual development?
100
The ground breaking book by Charles Darwin
What is On the Origin of Species?
100
Emphasizes how cognitive development occurs as a result of social interactions between members of a culture.
What is the sociocultural theory?
100
He suggested that my controlling a person's environment, it was possible to produce almost any behavior.
Who is John Watson?
100
He believed that human thinking is arranged into schemes, organized mental patterns that represent behavior and actions
Who is Jean Piaget?
200
Believed that society and culture both challenge and shape us.
Who is Erik Erikson?
200
Determines physical traits, personality, and social behaviors
What is genetic inheritance?
200
Within the bioecological approach this describes the everyday, immediate environment, and includes homes, caregivers, friends, and teachers.
What is the microsystem?
200
Focuses on learning through observation
What is the social-cognitive or social learning theory?
200
This cognitive approach seeks to identify how persons take in, use, and store information.
What is the information-processing approach?
300
Freud's stage of development that suggest sexual concerns are largely unimportant
What is the latency stage?
300
This field examines the ways in which our biological makeup influences our behavior?
What is ethology?
300
The difference between what a learner can do without help and what he or she can do with help.
What is the zone of proximal development (ZPD)?
300
Type of learning in which an organism responds in a particular way to a neutral stimulus that normally does not bring about that type of response.
What is classical conditioning?
300
These scientist identify locations of functions in the brain that are related to different types of cognitive activity.
Who are cognitive neuroscientist?
400
Erikson's stage of psychosocial development during the adolescent years
What is identity vs. role diffusion (role confusion)
400
This field of study examines the ways in which our biological makeup influences our behavior.
What is ethology?
400
The notion that the well-being of the group is more important than that of the individual.
What is collectivism?
400
Form of learning in which a response is strengthened or weakened depending on the environmental consequences that follow the behavior are pleasant or aversive.
What is operant conditioning?
400
The process by which people understand new stimuli or events in terms of their current way of thinking.
What is assimilation?
500
Three aspects of personality in Freud's theory
What is the id, ego, and superego?
500
The gradual process by which heritable biological traits become either more or less common in a population as a function of the effect of inherited traits on the differential reproductive success of organisms interacting with their environment
What is natural selection?
500
Represents larger cultural influences like society in general, types of government, and religious systems.
What is the macrosystem?
500
The process by which a stimulus is provided that increases the probability that a preceding behavior will be repeated.
What is reinforcement?
500
The process that changes existing ways of thinking in response to encounters with new stimuli or events.