Name That Theory!
This theory has various stages such as growth, exploration, establishment, maintenance, and disengagement.
What is Super’s Lifespan Theory?
Maya is an 8th grade student, who recalls she doesn’t particularly like school. She is intelligent, witty, and often rebellious to authority, leading her to get in trouble. When she connects with someone, she is extremely caring, loyal, and protective. While she doesn’t love her academic classes, she has a passion for drawing and painting.
Maya is an extremely creative individual, who enjoys crafting and DIY projects in her free time. She reports that she doesn’t enjoy school, except for her art class.
According to Holland’s Person-Fit theory, which personality type does Maya align with, and what are some potential career paths for her to consider?
Artistic
Maya’s personality strongly aligns with the Artistic personality trait in Holland’s model. Maya prioritizes her autonomy in her actions, thrives in less structured activities, and is creative in her art projects.
She should consider a career in community art, graphic design, small business owner, freelance artist, etc.
FoF? Everyone moves through Super's five stages at exactly the same age.
FICTION!
This explores a misconception surrounding Super’s theory and highlights how everyone may experience the stages on a different timeline.
Name the six personality traits included in Holland's Person-Fit theory of Career Development.
Hint: RIASEC!!!
(R) Realistic
(I) Investigative,
(A) Artistic
(S) Social
(E) Enterprising
(C) Conventional
This theory focuses on six personality types to help individuals identify workplaces compatible with their existing personality traits:
What is Holland’s Person-Fit Theory?
Christopher is a high school sophomore, who does not like school, and believes it's boring. He has no idea what he wants to do after high school, and doesn’t know if he wants to go to college. At his school's career fair, students have to sign up for 3 interest areas and take a quick class. After signing up for 3 random areas, Christopher was surprised to see that he enjoyed the digital media class, and liked creating media for different tasks. He then researched online, and found that several colleges offer Digital Media as its own degree!
According to Krumboltz’ Learning Theory of Career Counseling, what experience helped shape Chrisophers career interests? How can this be used to help Christopher start career planning?
Chrisopther’s interest was developed through learned experiences / his experience at the career fair.
This can be used for Christopher to find things he would be interested in, that he wouldn’t have known if he couldn’t experience it for himself.
FoF? A person can revisit the Exploration Stage after already establishing a career.
FACT!
As people age and change their goals or life circumstances, they may explore new careers! This question emphasizes how the stages may be reverted back to or done out of order.
What are the 3 domains in the CIP Pyramid (from the bottom up)
- Knowledge Domain
- Decision Making Skills Domain
- Executive Processing Domain
This theory prioritizes that learned experiences shape individuals' ideas of career, and influence potential career paths.
What is Krumboltz’ Learning Theory of Career?
Tony has dreamed of becoming a pilot since he was a young boy. When career planning in high school, he informs his guidance counselor that he “isn’t smart enough to fly a plane”, and that he believes would fail. He also believes that he doesn’t have the money to go to aviation school, and he would not be able to afford it.
According to SCCT, what factor is getting in the way of Tony following his dreams?
Self-efficacy, in his competence to complete aviation school, and his ability to pay for it.
SCCT focuses on how an individual perceives their abilities, and what they think will happen if they pursue a path: Tony’s self-efficacy is getting in the way, and impacting his motivation to pursue flying.
FoF? Everyone fits into only one of the six personality traits in the RIASEC model.
FICTION!
People can fit in with several of the 6 personality traits. Aligning with more than 1 often widens career options! This explains a common misconception and addresses how each person fits uniquely .
This is full name of the person who created Super’s lifespan theory
Who is Donald Super?
This theory focuses on how an individual's self-efficacy shapes their career development, including the expected outcomes and goals.
What is Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT)?
Heidi is a 35-year old female, working as a secretary in an office. Her job is consistent, repetitive, and has caused Heidi to question if she is truly happy working alone in a cubicle all day. She has always loved working with children, she questions if she should go back to school, and get her masters in school psychology, or social work. She is very conflicted, because although her job is stable right now, she is unhappy.
According to Super’s Life-Span Theory, why should Heidi consider changing her career in her 30’s?
BONUS: what stage of Super’s theory is she currently in?
Super’s theory emphasizes that career changes with us, and may develop over time.
Hedi absolutely should consider changing career paths, and recognize that her current job does not match her career needs at this time.
Heidi is currently in the maintenance stage of Super’s theory. She is questioning how much longer she can maintain her current career and thinking about entering the exploration stage to start something different.
Fof? According to Krumboltz’ Learning Theory of Career, learned experiences shape individuals, even when they aren’t enjoyed.
FACT!
Even when individuals don’t enjoy an experience, the information is still useful for them to understand fields they like, AND don’t like. This is important to learning theory.
Name the 5 phases in the Decision-Making Skills Domain:
Hint: CASVE Cycle:
- Communication
- Analysis
- Synthesis
- Valuing
- Execution
This theory organizes strong decision making skills onto a pyramid, and can be used with clients when they have different possibilities for careers.
What is Cognitive Information Processing Theory (CIP)?
Ryan is a 22 year old male, who is unsure of the next step in his career journey. After completing his undergraduate degree in psychology, he has no idea what field of psychology he wants to further engage with. He knows he likes to work with children, families, and adults, and wants to get his masters degree in a similar field. He is debating the following fields: Social Work, School Psychology, Family Therapy, Guidance, Counseling, and Research.
Ryan has felt overwhelmed with deciding which career path to follow, as he has several different options he could choose, and graduate application deadlines are approaching. Because of this career confusion, Ryan began working with a career counselor to help identify the next step in his journey.
How can Cognitive Information Processing Theory (CIP) be applied with Ryan’s current situation with his career to ensure Ryan makes the right decision?
Since Ryan has a strong sense of his self-knowledge, the counselor can help strengthen Ryan’s occipital knowledge of each career path, and assist in comparing the similarities and differences of each field.
With information from self and occipital knowledge, Ryan can proceed in the decision making cycle, to best identify a focus that makes sense.
FoF? According to Social Cognitive Career Theory, career choices are primarily determined by personal interests regardless of a person’s confidence or outcome expectations.
FICTION!
Social cognitive theory emphasizes the interaction between interests, self-efficacy, goals, and expectations. One does not necessarily outweigh the other in every case!
Why are unplanned events an important factor in Krumboltz’ Learning Theory of Career Counseling?
Unplanned events serve as fantastic learning experiences, as individuals often have to demonstrate flexibility, uncertainty, and take risks in unexpected situations. They also can give students information about areas they wouldn’t have considered otherwise.