Valence Bond Theory
1) The two electrons of opposite spin can accommodate the overlapping orbitals
2) The greater the overlap of orbitals the stronger the bond (depend on the shape and direction of the orbitals)
3) Hybridization
What is the three concepts of Valence Bond theory?
Sp hybrid orbital
sp2 hybrid orbital
sp3 hybrid orbital
What is sigma bond?
What is Central Principle of Valence Bond Theory?
a covalent bond forms when the orbitals from two atoms overlap and a pair of electrons will occupy the region between the 2 nuclei
What is sp3 hybridization:
When an atom undergoes the process of mixing one s atomic orbital with 3 p atom orbitals
The double bonds that use two types of bonds if the 2p atomic orbitals are parallel
What is sigma and pi bond?
What would the bond be if hydrogen and fluorine's orbitals overlap?
H-F sigma bond
A new set of orbitals (hybrid orbitals) could be related by mixing atomic orbital (S1 PxPyPz) d orbitals) on one atom
What is Orbital hybridization?
Result in the overlapping of the unhybridized p atomic orbital on each of the carbon atoms
Why is the H-H single bond when the electron cloud is distorted?
In the H-H single bond the electron cloud is distorted so that the electrons have a higher probability of being found between the two nuclei (electrons see both p+)
Molecule's electronic structure
How to determine the hybridization?
Why does double and triple bonds have unique properties?
In double bond have one sigma and one pie bond, only if the 2 p atomic orbitals are parallel
How much space is an orbitals region of the probability of finding the electrons?
region in space in which there is a 95% probability of finding the electron/s
How many types of orbital hybridization?
Bonus:
Made up of one sigma bond and two pi bonds
What is triple bond?