Piaget
Most common cognitive theory used by healthcare professionals is
Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development
A school-aged child has difficulty at school and receives little positive feedback at home. Failure at this stage of development will result in which crisis?
Industry v Inferiority
A nurse assesses an infant's height, weight, and head circumference. Which type of development is the healthcare professional assessing?
Biophysical
CASE STUDY: Which client is likely experiencing significant physical growth that needs to be measured?
Sadie is a 6-month-old infant.
Thomas is a 32-year-old adult
Harold is a 73-year-old adult
Teresa is a 21-year-old adult
Sadie is a 6-month-old infant.
Kohlberg's stages of moral development
preconventional (1-10), conventional (10-19), postconventional (19-death)
Piaget's Stages of Cognitive development (4)
Sensorimotor (birth-2), Preoperational (2-7), Concrete operational (7-10), Formal operational (10-death)
An infant's needs are consistently met by the caregiver. Successful accomplishment during this stage of development will result in which side of the conflict?
Trust v Mistrust
Development that occurs from the core or centre of the body outwards (towards the extremities)
proximodistal development
CASE STUDY: While assessing Thomas, Jessie becomes concerned about how the client's behaviors have influenced beliefs and decisions in the past. Which developmental theory should Jessie use in her assessment?
Kohlberg's theory of moral development
Internal standards are imposed by others, you are concerned with maintaining rules and expectations of society, family, groups, and the classroom. You follow the social norms.
Conventional Level
Age: Birth to 2 years
Cog. Development: Explore the world using the five senses. Move from reflex behaviors to simple repetitive acts to imitative activity.
Hallmark: Object Permanence
Sensorimotor
12 years to 20 years
Virtue: Fidelity
identity vs. role confusion
What are the 4 types of developmental theories to understand human development?
Biophysical
Psychosocial
Cognitive
Moral
CASE STUDY: While assessing Teresa, Jessie understands that the client should be accomplishing which stage of psychosocial development?
Intimacy v Isolation
A child brings home a stray dog because its "just wrong" to leave it. What is the level of moral reasoning that this child is using?
postconventional
The child is able to classify, order, and sort facts
concrete operational
The guardians of a toddler allow the child to make simple choices, such as selecting clothing and what to drink with meals. These actions assist the child to master which developmental task?
Autonomy v Shame and Doubt
Human development based on personality, thinking, and behavior
psychosocial development
CASE STUDY: During Sara's assessment, the caregiver states that one minute Sara wants to be an adult and parent the infant and the next minute wants to put the baby up for adoption. Sara can then return to cheerleading with friends. Which crisis has Sara developed?
Identity v Role Confusion
Morality is internal, not based on external standards. You think of yourself beyond social, family, and group rules. Its your own idea of what right and wrong are, you follow a personal set of morals.
Postconventional
Cindy has just realized that two $1 bills are less money than one $20 bill. Which period of cognitive development is Cindy mastering?
concrete operational
what stage is the middle adult typically at
Generativity v Stagnation
How an individual learns to think and makes sense of the world from childhood to adulthood
Cognitive Development
CASE STUDY: Gabby is afraid of the dark and convinced that a monster is hiding in the closet. Tara understands this is characteristic of EGOCENTRIC/HYPOTHETICAL/MAGICAL thinking which is characteristic of the CONCRETE/PREOPERATIONAL period.
Magical
Pre-operational
Moral reasoning is controlled by external rewards and punishments, you are concerned with consequences (rewards and punishments)
Preconventional level