Modernization Theory
The main political theorist behind this theory of development
Who is Walt Rostow?
This kind of factors are the main type considered in Dependency Theory
What are external factors?
One political leader that influenced the Neoliberalism approach to development
Who is 'Ronald Reagan' or 'Margaret Thatcher'?
These TWO thinkers are the main theorists behind Capabilities theory.
Who are 'Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum'?
This is the amount of SDGs that were created in 2015 by the UN.
What is 17?
This is the central claim of this theory to how countries develop
What is 'All societies follow a linear path towards a Western-Style Modernity' or 'Economic growth leads to social and political development'?
Fill in the blanks: ___ countries are systematically advantaged and exploit ___ countries
What is "center/core" and "periphery"?
This is one emphasis of Neoliberalism
What are 'free markets', 'deregulation', or 'reducing the role of the state in economic affairs'?
This index was inspired by the Capabilities theory and is based on these three factors.
What is 'HDI and life expectancy, education, and income per capita'?
These are the THREE main characteristics that distinguish the SDGs from the MDGs.
What is 'sustainable, interconnectedness, and global focus'?
What is 'both are heavily economic focused instead of other factors'?
This term refers to countries that exhibit moderate levels of industrialization and economic diversification and while they may have advanced and competitive sectors that engage in global markets, other parts of their economy remain underdeveloped.
What is 'Semi-Periphery'
Fill in the blanks: Neoliberals argue that the ___ sector is more efficient and effective at providing goods and services than the ___ sector
What is 'Private' and 'Public'?
This is a criticism of the capabilities theory due to the inherently complex and context specific nature of the capabilities in this theory.
What is 'difficult to operationalize' or 'hard to standardize policies or assessments'?
This is the main difference between the MDGs and SDGs.
MDGs focus more on extreme poverty reduction while SDGs focus more on global development and sustainability.
These are two criticisms to Modernization Theory that may come from scholars from the Global SOUTH
What is 'Treating Western capitalist development as the universal ideal and standard for all societies' and 'Ignores external influences like colonialism, global trade imbalances, and power dynamics'
The two words that label the arrows pointing away from the core and towards the core, respectively
What are 'goods' and 'resources'
The Washington Consensus is a set of economic policy prescriptions promoted in the 1980s and 1990s by these THREE Washington-based institutions.
What is 'the IMF, the World Bank, and the U.S. Treasury'?
State the differences between Positive and Negative freedoms
Positive Freedoms - capacity to act upon one's freewill (requires presence of opportunities)
Negative Freedoms - absence of external obstacles (non-interference)
This is a criticism of the SDGs
What is 'they are hard to implement in different cultural contexts or are vague in implementation'?
These are the FIVE stages of this theory to development
What is Traditional Society, Preconditions for Takeoff, Takeoff, Drive to Maturity, and Age of Mass Consumption?
This is what Protectionism means in terms of Dependency Theory.
What is 'States protect their own economic interests by limiting trade and economic stability on other countries and focusing on domestic production'?
Neoliberal policies are criticized for these consequences on developing countries.
What is 'Developing countries may find themselves reliant on foreign investment and export markets, making their economies vulnerable to global market fluctuations and external economic shocks.'
Outline the relationship between Functioning and Capabilities.
Functionings refer to the many things a person may value doing or being. Capabilities are the real freedoms or opportunities to achieve these functionings. They represent the potential to lead different kinds of lives and make meaningful choices.