MSM
What does MSM stand for?
The multi-store model
What is "working memory?"
Short-term memory - the small amount information in your conscious attention
What is a schema? (and don't say computer file or filing cabinet)
A group of related pieces of information categorised and stored in the mind
Summarise LOP in one sentence.
The deeper you process information the more likely you are to remember it.
What field of psychology uses cognitive theories to help students improve their learning?
Educational Psych
What are the three stores in the MSM?
Sensory, short-term and long-term
What is "the little boss in the head?"
The central executive
What is one type of social schema?
Stereotypes
Levels of Processing was proposed as a critique of which famous theory of memory?
Multi-store model
They claimed that the MSM treated all information the same, regardless of other factors.
What "effect" suggests that listening to Mozart music improves your IQ?
The Mozart Effect
What are three control processes in the MSM?
Attention, rehearsal, retrieval, transfer, search
What are the three slave systems?
Phonological loop, episodic buffer, visuospatial sketchpad
What are two cognitive processes schema's influence?
Comprehension (reading and listening)
Memory
Decision-making
Stereotypes (they are schemas)
Confirmation bias
In order from shallow to deep, what are the three levels of processing?
Structural
Phonological
Semantic
Mr Dixon recommends evaluating psychological theories using a "DEAL" framework. What does DEAL stand for?
Describe (the theory)
Evidence (supporting studies - strengths)
Applications (uses of the theory - strengths)
Limitations
What "effect" supports the claim that we need to rehearse information in order for it to transfer to our long-term store.
The recency effect.
(I would also accept the primacy and recency effect)
The WMM was an elaboration of which aspect of another theory?
It's an elaboration of the short-term store in the multi-store model.
The laundry study showed that schemas can influence what two cognitive processes?
Comprehension
Memory
Desirable difficulties.
What theory suggests that different colours have different effects on memory?
Colour in context theory
Who came up with this model?
Atkinson and Shiffrin
Who came up with this model?
Baddeley and Hitch
Who proposed this theory?
Any one of the following would be OK, as it isn't contributed to a single psychologist:
- Bartlett
- Piaget
- Vygotsky
Who came up with this theory?
Craik and Lockhart
(I would also accept Craik and Tulving as they conducted the study)
What theory suggests that the more irrelevant working memory is used in a task the harder it is to learn.
Cognitive load theory