Basics of Personality and Psychoanalytic
True or False:
Personality theorists are unable to see how life can be improved
False
True or False: A behaviorist is focused on only observable behaviors
True
Cognitive theorists attempt to explain human behavior by looking at human _________ _________
Thought processes
According to Humanists, are we born with postive "self-regard"?
No
True or False:
A trait theorist would say either you have ALL of a trait or you do not have it at all
False- they are measured on a continuum
A psychoanalyst is specifically fascinated with what aspect of the human brain?
The unconscious
A behaviorist would say that personality formation is a result of what?
Nurture/environment
2) Past reactions to our actions
(personal construct theory)
Humanist Theory tends to focus on what about people?
Focus on the GOOD side of people or the positive aspects of humanity
What is a basic assumption of trait theorists?
Every trait is universal
What is 1 of the purposes of personality theory?
1) To explain differences among people
2) A way to organize characteristics
3) Explain how people conduct and live their lives
4) Determine how life can be improved
Billy watches a mechanic on TV rotate tires
George watches his dad rotate tires at his shop.
WHO would a Social-Cognitive theorist say is more likely to learn how to rotate a tire and WHY
George because he is watching someone he KNOWS
Cognitive therapy is about taking ________ thoughts and turning them into __________ ones.
1) negative thoughts
2) positive thoughts
According to a Humanistic Theorist, who has the greatest impact on personality development/behavior
YOU do/the person does
What is a "cardinal trait"?
A dominant trait in someone's personality
Name and define (or give an example of) 1 defense mechanism according to Freud (be careful with your definition/example)
Denial, Repression, Rationalization, Reaction Formation, Projection, Regression
What mental health disorders is behaviorist theory used to help?
Phobias and OCD
How is a cognitive theorist is similar to a behaviorist and psychoanalytic theorist?
They both believe in the lack of free will in personality formation
In your own words, define "positive self-regard"?
Viewing oneself in a favorable light due to supportive feedback from interaction with others
Name 3 factors that a sociocultural personality theorist would explore
ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic status, and genetic makeup
Name the 3 structural components to personality according to Freud and what they each are characterized by
Id- Basic human drives
Ego- Reality principle, balances needs of ego and superego
Superego- Source of consciousness, counteracts the Id
Give one example of how behaviorist theory is used in teaching/schools to this day
Answers will vary
How is Cognitive Theory different than both Behaviorist and Social-Cognitive Theory?
They focus on the internal thought process instead of what is ONLY observable
Define and give an example of "conditions of worth" that a humanist would say we put on ourselves in personality formation.
Definition: the conditions a person must meet in order to regard themselves positively
Examples vary..
- Be good at...
What is one "universal trait" according to trait theory?
openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism