Theory of Evolution
Evidence for Evolution
Mechanisms for Evolution
Population Genetics
Juicy Leftovers
100
The process in which a species has changed over time is known as this.
What is evolution?
100
The strongest form of evidence to support the theory that species are related to each other and share a common ancestor.
What is DNA evidence?
100
What is a mutation?
A change in DNA
100
Define population
A group of organisms of the same species living in the same area.
100
A well supported testable explanation of phenomena that have occurred in the natural world is known as this.
THEORY
200
He is known as the Father of Evolution
Who is Charles Darwin?
200
The location of oldest fossil within rock layers.
What is the bottom layer/deeper layers?
200
Populations that are more likely to survive a changing environment need to have lots of ...
genetic variation
200
What is Phenotype frequency?
A measure of how often a certain phenotype occurs in a population
200
Occurs when organisms that share a close common ancestor evolve more and more differently.
divergent evolution
300
Preserved remains of ancient organisms
What are fossils?
300
Similar structures that evolved from a common ancestor such as bones humans, cats, bats, and whales have in common.
What are homologous structures?
300
How does gene flow take place?
organisms migrate to new areas
300
A mistake or change that occurs in the DNA sequence is called a ______________________.
What is a mutation?
300
The concept that individual organisms within a population compete, and those who are the best suited to their environment will be the most successful.
survival of the fittest
400
The concept of humans selecting desired traits in species
What is artificial selection, or selective breeding?
400
Who share the most common traits?
The lion and the house cat.
400
Directional Selection
400
What are 4 of the 5 assumptions of the Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium?
no mutations, infinitely large population, random mating, no natural selection, no gene flow
400
The frequency of the recessive allele in a population is 37%. What is the frequency of the dominant allele in that population?
63%
500
Which term refers to the process by which individuals that are better suited to the environment survive and reproduce therefore passing down their genes to their offspring?
What is Natural Selection, or Survival of the fittest?
500
Snakes with small legs, whales with hip bones, and humans with tail bone are examples of these
Vestigial Organs/Structures
500
Genetic drift always causes a loss in ___________ , and often affects ___________ populations more severely.
genetic diversity, small
500
The Hardy Weinberg equation only works for populations that are not experiencing ______________.
evolution
500
Any inherited trait that increases an organism's chance of survival is known as this.
an adaptation
600
When an organism completely dies out.
What is Extinction?
600
DAILY DOUBLE
Name four of the evidence of evolution
analogous structures, homologous structures, similar embryos, fossils, DNA analysis, biogeography
600
If a population were to become separated or geographically isolated for a long period of time, this may lead to
a new species being formed (speciation)
600
The Hardy Weinberg equation is: p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
What does each of the following stand for:
p2
q2
2pq
p2 = number of homozygous dominant genotypes
q2 = number of homozygous recessive genotypes
2pq = number of heterozygous genotypes
600
Evolutionists believe that similar orgamisms evolved from a(n)
What is common ancestors?
700
While in the Galapagos Islands, Darwin noticed that the Finches' beak shape had evolved based on this part of their environment
What is food source?
700
Body structures on different organisms that are similar in function but did not evolve from the same ancestor (bird wing and butterfly wing)
What are Analogous Structures?
700
A female lionfish only mates with a male who has impressive spikes on his skin. This is an example of . . .
Sexual selection / Selective mating
700
The three things that may introduce genetic variation within a population.
mutations, recombination, and random pairing of gametes
700
Convergent evolution occurs when organisms who are not closely related to one another evolve similar traits as a result of . . .
Environmental similarities