Intro & Participation
Definition of Therapeutic Activities
A variety of common leisure pursuits (such as play, sports, games, etc) used by the CTRS to help produce a variety of outcomes across all domains.
Parallel Play
Children may play with the same materials and/or within close proximity to each other but are not playing with each other
Everything in the Montessori environment is designed to be _________ and _________ to clients.
inviting, encouraging
List two possible physical benefits of participating in therapeutic activities.
Decrease the occurrence of chronic health problems
Decrease risk of obesity
Increase lung capacity
Increase strength, flexibility and balance
Increase the likelihood of maintaining an active lifestyle
Promotes engagement in activities both in a structured therapy setting and outside of therapy
Meaningful activities can stimulate a personal connection with the stimuli and encourage reminiscence
Leisure Repertoire
The activities that a person feels s/he can do with competence.
Choose and explain one of the four cognitive stages of play.
Sensorimotor/Functional - involves repetitive actions of already learned sensory or motor activities that result in enjoyment
Construction - the manipulation of objects with the intent of making something
Symbolic - using fantasy to change into different people, objects, or situations as evident by verbal expressions and motor movements
Games with Rules - active involvement of two or more children in a competitive activity where the rules are agreed upon in advance
Montessori interventions break activities down into steps that allow for continual challenge and mastery of skills. This characteristic makes them highly _______ to different levels.
adaptable
List two psychological benefits of participating in therapeutic activities.
Increase self-efficacy
Decrease anxiety
Increase self esteem
Increase satisfaction
Enhanced internal locus of control
Defined sense of self and social identity
List two possible benefits from participation in humor interventions.
Decreases anxiety
Powerful coping mechanism
Decreases pain
Boosts immune system
Increases muscle flexion
Decreases depression
Enhances memory
Allows the person to feel in control
Releases fears, anger, and stress
Improves quality of life
Releases endorphins
Lowers blood pressure
Aerobic
Balanced Leisure Lifestyle
Generally considered to be a state in which physical, mental, social and emotional well-being are all supported by the person’s leisure.
List three characteristics of play.
Intrinsic motivation, positive affect, free choice, fantasy, active engagement
Name two of the therapeutic outcomes Montessori interventions help to bring about in clients with Dementia.
Decreased agitation, increased engagement, greater positive affect, increased active participation
List the three levels of physical activity.
Recreational Sport, Competitive Sport, Elite Sport
Name two characteristics of effective sensory stimulation interventions.
Carefully chosen for therapeutic value
Able to be manipulated and experienced by the client
Reflective of the personality of the client
Personally meaningful
Provided in a non-directive approach
Provided in small groups, in an appropriate environment
Describe the difference between Attendance and Participation.
Participation - Measures the quality of the client's actions and the amount of effort that the client puts into an activity
Attendance - Defined as how many times or how often a client shows up for an activity
Medical Play
A technique used with children to educate and increase coping with children who are faced with a medical experience such as surgery.
Matching activities (including sorting); care of the person (including folding and hanging clothes); care of the environment (ex. Plant care, flower arranging, setting tables); fine motor activities (stringing beads, lacing, painting); squeezing activities (using a hole punch, tongs, garlic press, etc)
List two ways to adapt football to a group of participants with physical disabilities.
Everyone on the same playing level, use flags instead of tackle, etc
Name two populations that would benefit from sensory integration interventions.
Autism, TBI, SPD, ID/DD, etc
Levels -3 to 5: Need number and description for three
Name the four types of Medical Play.
Role Rehearsal/Role Reversal, Medical Fantasy, Indirect Medical Play, Medical Art
Four principles of the Montessori Method
Choosing Materials, Choosing Activities, Progressions, Leading
List the three general types of adaptations.
Rule changes, adaptive equipment, changes to the environment
Power Humor- This type assumes that people derive pleasure from feeling of mastery, control, or superiority. Laugh at another’s deformities or misfortune to establish feelings of power
Venting Humor-Derogatory and directed towards individuals in retaliation to overt displays of power. The purpose is to diminish value of the source of power
Make-Peace Humor- Use of witticism to divert hostility or tension
Social bonding humor-Used to seek connection with another person. Some people use safe clean jokes that gets polite laughs, others gamble with risky material that can cause a roar of approving laughter or offend.
Soften the edges humor- diminish the harshness and tragedies of the tough world that we feel powerless to help with. This is a form of coping with stress
Prank Humor- Allows the prankster and the “victim” a good memorable laugh. Intended to create an artificial level of tension within the recipient and then produces a change that creates relief.