Nonthermal
__________ is the formation of gas-filled bubbles that expand and compress because of ultrasonically induced pressure changes in tissue fluids.
Cavitation
These are the indications for using non-thermal US.
Edema and inflammation
True or false: Whenever there is a thermal effect there will be a non-thermal effect
True
True or False: Using continuous output (100%) should be used during the acute stage of an injury to heat the tissue.
False
What is the main nonthermal effect of ultrasound?
tissue repair at the cellular level
The tissues that absorb the most ultrasound energy.
Tendons, ligaments, cartilage
How large should the treatment area on the patient be in relation to the sound head?
2 times the ERA.
Indication or contraindication?!?!?!
Using ultrasound for tendonitis of the knee of a pregnant woman.
Indication
The duty cycle for non thermal ultrasound should be _____ or ______%
20 or 50%
What is the stretch window when using a frequency of 1 MHz?
7 minutes
1MHz should be used for heating________ tissues because it has a penetrating depth of _________ cm.
deep, 2-5 cm
Indication or Contraindication?!?!?!?!?!
Using ultrasound over a joint contracture
Indication
True or false: Research indicates that nonthermal treatment may modify cellular function.
True
Beam Non-Uniformity Ratio (BNR) refers to this
intensity of sound waves is not evenly distributed over the surface of the sound head/crystal
What is the another ultrasound application method for an irregularly shaped area?
Underwater
Why is ultrasound contraindicated in patients with a pacemaker?
Soundwaves can interfere with the performance of the pacemaker