Cognitive Therapy
What are the different behaviors described by operant conditioning and give an example of each.
Negative reinforcement, positive reinforcement
Negative punishment, positive punishment
A client reports to the nurse, “My wife left me. No one else will ever love me. I’m going to be alone for the rest of my life.” Which action by the nurse reflects an appropriate, cognitive-focused response?
a. “What contributes to your thinking that you will be alone for the rest of your life?”
b. “You’re just overgeneralizing.”
c. “Why did your wife leave you?”
d. “I’m sure there are other people that love you.”
“What contributes to your thinking that you will be alone for the rest of your life?”
What are the different somatic symptom & related and dissociative disorders?
Somatic: somatic symptom disorder, illness anxiety disorder, conversion disorder, factitious disorder
Dissociative: dissociative identity disorder, dissociative amnesia, depersonalization derealization disorder
A client is experiencing pain that has no organic etiology. This pain allows the client to avoid going to work at a job that he hates. What best describes what this client is experiencing?
A Altered social interaction
B Disturbed thought processes
C Primary gain
D Secondary gain
Primary gain
The parents of a 14-year-old child ask the nurse for suggestions about how to promote homework completion and less time spent on social media. The nurse believes the Premack principle may be helpful. What should the nurse suggest to the parents?
a. Tell the parents to reward their son each time homework is attempted, even if it is only for 5 minutes.
b. Tell the parents to ignore this behavior, and eventually the child will start completing the homework without prompting.
c. Tell the parents to draw up a contract stating what the consequences will be if homework is not completed.
d. Tell the parents to explain to their child that TV is only permitted after the homework is completed.
d. Tell the parents to explain to their child that TV is only permitted after the homework is completed.
Janet failed her first test in nursing school. She thinks, “Well, that’s it! I’ll never be a nurse.” What automatic thought does this statement represent?
a. Overgeneralization
b. Magnification
c. Catastrophic thinking
d. Personalization
What is Catastrophic thinking
The thought recording (two-column and three-column) cognitive therapy techniques help clients:
a. Identify automatic thoughts.
b. Modify automatic thoughts.
c. Identify rational alternatives.
d. All of the above.
What is Identify automatic thoughts
The psychodynamic theory of this disorder proposes that emotions associated with a traumatic event that the individual cannot express because of moral or ethical unacceptability.
What is conversion disorder?
A positive reinforcer:
a. Increases the probability that a behavior will recur.
b. Decreases the probability that a behavior will recur.
c. Has nothing to do with modifying behavior.
d. Always results in positive behavior.
a. Increases the probability that a behavior will recur.
A client has a fear of dogs. In helping her overcome this fear, the therapist is using systematic desensitization. List the following steps in the order in which the therapist would proceed.
Have the client:
a. Look at a real dog.
b. Look at a stuffed toy dog.
c. Pet a real dog.
d. Pet the stuffed toy dog.
e. Walk past a real dog.
f. Look at a picture of a dog.
. Look at a picture of a dog.
When Jack is not accepted at the law school of his choice, he thinks, “I’m so stupid. No law school will ever accept me.” What automatic thought does this statement represent?
a. Overgeneralization
b. Magnification
c. Selective abstraction
d. Minimization
What is Overgeneralization
A client who was admitted to the psychiatric unit for depression tells the psychiatric nurse that he wants to engage in CBT after discharge. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate at this point?
a. Offer to begin CBT with the patient while he is hospitalized.
b. Offer to explore referral to a therapist for this kind of treatment.
c. Educate the client that CBT can only be completed while he is hospitalized.
d. Educate the client that CBT is not effective for treating depression.
Offer to explore referral to a therapist for this kind of treatment.
Compare and contrast somatic symptom disorder, illness anxiety disorder, conversion disorder, and factitious disorder.
Somatic symptom disorder is focused on the symptoms associated with health concerns. Illness anxiety disorder is focused on the illness or disease that may come from symptoms. Conversion disorder is when sensory motor systems are affected. Factitious disorder is when the person fakes being ill.
What is the difference between classical conditioning and operant conditioning? Give an example of each.
Classical conditioning is based on reflexive conditioning, pairing a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned response (Ex: dogs salivating at bell)
Operant conditioning is when voluntary behavior is controlled by consequences (negative/positive reinforcement/punishment)
A client admitted to the psychiatric unit with anger management problems encountered another client stealing food from his plate. He approaches the nurse and says, “I’m getting so angry I want to hit him, but I know I need to just walk away.” Which response by the nurse would reinforce the client’s response to this situation?
a. Tell the client that walking away is not going to help him confront difficult situations.
b. Tell the client that walking away was a healthy way to manage his anger.
c. Tell the client that the staff will reprimand the other client who stole his food.
d. Tell the client that his desire to lash out at someone behaving that way is normal
b. Tell the client that walking away was a healthy way to manage his anger.
Opal is a 43-year-old woman who is suffering from depression and suicidal ideation. Opal says, “I’m such a worthless person. I don’t deserve to live.” The therapist responds, “I would like for you to think about what problems suicide would solve.” The therapist is using which of the following CBT techniques?
a. Imagery
b. Role-play
c. Problem-solving
d. Thought recording
What is problem solving
Barbara burned the toast. She thinks, “I’m a totally incompetent person.” What automatic thought does this statement represent?
a. Selective abstraction
b. Magnification
c. Minimization
d. Personalization
What is Magnification
What are the underlying mechanisms or processes responsible for somatic symptom disorder according to psychodynamic and behavioral perspectives?
Behavioral perspective: triggered by a stressful event
psychodynamic perspective: manifest disorder as a need for attention
What are the different behavior therapies and give an example of how a psychological disorder can be treated with one of them? HINT: there's 4!
Flooding, gradual exposure, systematic desensitization, and modeling
Ex: gradually exposing someone with a phobia to the feared stimulus
People with _____ are mainly preoccupied with their physical symptoms, which are commonly not associated with any disease.
What is somatic symptom disorder?
The anxiety response can be decreased by changing cognitive distortions. This therapy helps the individual to identify negative thoughts that produce anxiety, examine the cause and develop supportive ideas that replace the negative self-talk
What is cognitive behavioral therapy?
What are the major components of the central nervous system (CNS) and autonomic nervous system (ANS) and their role in anxiety and mood disorders? What neurotransmitters are involved?
:)
People with _____ may misinterpret normal bodily sensations as signs of a serious disorder. Choose the most likely answer.
What is illness anxiety disorder?
A negative reinforcer:
a. Increases the probability that a behavior will recur.
b. Decreases the probability that a behavior will recur.
c. Has nothing to do with modifying behavior.
d. Always results in unacceptable behavior.
a. Increases the probability that a behavior will recur.
uA nurse is caring for a client with illness anxiety disorder. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? SATA
A.Obsessive thoughts about disease
B.History of childhood abuse
C.Avoiding healthcare providers
D.Depressive Disorder
Narcissistic personality.
•Obsessive thoughts about disease
•History of childhood abuse
•Avoiding healthcare providers
•Depressive Disorder
A kindergarten rule states that if unacceptable behavior occurs, a child’s personalized fish will be moved to the sea grass. Children who behave keep their fish out of the sea grass. The school nurse identifies this intervention is based on which principle of behavior therapy?
A Positive reinforcement
B Negative reinforcement
C Conditioned response
D Classical conditioning
What is Negative reinforcement
An adolescent comes from a family where physical and verbal abuse prevails. The adolescent bullies and fights with classmates at school. Which of the following is the probable source of this behavior?
A Reciprocal inhibition
B Premack principle
C Shaping
D Modeling
What is modeling
When working with a client diagnosed with a somatic symptom disorder, which is the most appropriate nursing action?
a)Avoid discussing social and personal problems.
b)Focus on the physical symptoms.
c)Always meet the client's dependency needs.
d)Gradually minimize time focusing on physical symptoms.
D
The nurse’s attention should be on the client’s social and personal problems, which are the underlying cause of the somatic symptom disorder. Time focused on physical symptoms should be minimized to avoid reinforcement.
An aversive stimulus or punisher:
a. Increases the probability that a behavior will recur.
b. Decreases the probability that a behavior will recur.
c. Has nothing to do with modifying behavior.
d. Always results in unacceptable behavior.
Always results in unacceptable behavior.
uA nurse is discussing the risk factors for somatic symptoms disorder. Which of the following should the nurse include. Select all that apply:
A.Age older than 65
B.Anxiety disorder
C.Female
D.Coronary Artery disease
E.Obesity
Anxiety disorder
Female