Vocabulary
The energy that an object has because it is moving
What is kinetic energy?
When two things are in contact, do the faster- or slower-moving molecules transfer energy?
When two things are in contact, their molecules collide, and kinetic energy transfers from the faster‑moving molecules to the slower‑moving molecules. (KC 5)
Does the temperature of an object depend on how fast its molecules are moving?
Yes; the temperature of an object is related to the kinetic energy of its molecules, which increases as the speed of the molecules increases. (ES 1)
The scientist who pasteurization is named after
Who is Louis Pasteur?
The full name of DNA
What is deoxyribonucleic acid?
A balanced state when two or more samples are at the same temperature
What is equilibrium?
Can energy be created or destroyed?
No; energy can't be created or destroyed. Therefore, as energy transfers, it increases in one part of the system as it decreases in another part of the system. The total energy of a system doesn’t change. (KC 6)
Warmer objects transfer energy to cooler objects when they are in contact. (ES 2)
When the temperature of an object is 0 degrees K
What is absolute zero?
The only two mammals that lay eggs
What are platypuses and echidnas?
The average kinetic energy of the molecules in an object
What is temperature?
How does a system reach equilibrium?
The molecules of a system will transfer energy until the system reaches a stable state known as equilibrium, in which all of the molecules are moving at about the same speed. (KC 7)
Yes; the size of the objects in contact affects the amount of energy transfer between them and the amount of temperature change. (ES 3)
What is the equilibrium temperature when a 20oF object and 30oF object come into contact?
25oF
The largest desert on Earth
What is Antarctica?
The total kinetic energy of the molecules in an object
What is thermal energy?
Which object has more thermal energy if they are at the same temperature: the bigger object or smaller object?
For things at the same temperature, the thing with more molecules has more total kinetic energy (thermal energy) than the thing with fewer molecules. (KC 8)
Which has more thermal energy, a coffee cup with hot water or a swimming pool with lukewarm water?
The swimming pool; it has more thermal energy because it has more total kinetic energy of molecules.
The strongest muscle in the human body
A set of interacting parts forming a complex whole
What is a system?
What are things made of?
Things are made of molecules. (KC 1)
Which has a higher temperature, a coffee cup with hot water or a swimming pool with lukewarm water?
Who was Marie Curie?