Vocabulary
What is a molecule?
a group of atoms joined together in a particular way
What is kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy is the energy an object has because it is moving.
What is thermal energy?
The total amount of kinetic energy of all molecules in object.
Heat moves energy from the ______ object to the ______ object.
Heat moves energy from the hot object to the cold object.
What is equilibrium?
A balanced system in which a system is stable
True or false: Only living things (like plants and animals) are made of atoms.
False. All things are made of atoms
What does temperature actually measure?
What happens to the speed of the molecules when an object is heated?
The speed of the molecules increase (get higher).
Which energy transfer has energy that passes through direct contact?
Conduction
Two objects at equilibrium have the same ___________.
Temperature
Collision is....
the moment when two objects hit each other
Two identical soccer balls are rolling across a field. Ball A moves at 2 meters per second and Ball B moves at 6 meters per second.
Which ball has more kinetic energy?
Ball B
A small cup of boiling water is 100 degrees. A bathtub full of warm water is 40 degrees.
Which one has more kinetic energy?
The small cup of boiling water.
What is radiation?
Radiation is when energy travels as waves to another object.
A cup of hot cocoa (80 degrees) is left in a room that has a temperature of 22 degrees.
How will the cup of hot cocoa change after several hours?
The cup of hot cocoa will be the same temperature as the room in several hours.
What does the phrase "Absolute Zero" mean?
It means that there is zero movement in the molecules
A cup of water is still perfectly still on a desk. Does the water have kinetic energy?
Yes, molecules are always moving. They are just moving slowly.
A small cup of boiling water is 100 degrees. A bathtub full of warm water is 40 degrees.
Which one has more thermal energy?
The bathtub
Getting warm next to a campfire is an example of what type of heat transfer?
Radiation
True or False: Two objects can reach thermal equilibrium only when they are in contact.
True
Is it possible to reach Absolute Zero?
No, molecules are always moving. Scientist haven't proved Absolute Zero.
A colder temperature means what about about kinetic energy?
A colder temperature means an object has low kinetic energy.
What is the difference between thermal energy and temperature?
Thermal energy is the total amount of kinetic energy of an object and temperature is the average kinetic energy of an object.
Fix this statement:
When you hold an ice cube, the cold molecules move from the ice into your hand.
When you hold an ice cube, high kinetic energy from your hand transfers to the cold ice cube which makes it melt.
Brian measures the temperatures of a hot cup of water and a cold cup of water separately. He then mixes the cups of water together. He says that the molecules stop moving after they mix together. Is he right?
No, molecules never stop moving but heat stops transferring.