Conduction
A warm hand holds an ice cube. Which object gains thermal energy?
The ice cube
In which two states of matter can convection occur?
Liquids and gases
Which reflects more radiant energy: a shiny surface or a dark surface?
A shiny surface
A hand becomes warm while holding a hot mug.
Conduction
Which particles move faster: particles in warm water or cold water?
Warm water
A metal spoon and wooden spoon are placed in hot water. Which handle will become warm faster, and why?
The metal spoon
Which direction does warmer fluid move?
Upward
Radiant energy travels through these waves.
Electromagnetic waves
Warm air rises above a heater.
Convection
Temperature measures the average amount of this particle energy.
Kinetic energy
Why does ice melt faster on metal than on wood?
Metal transfers energy faster
What is the repeated movement of warm fluid rising and cool fluid sinking called?
A convection current
Which will probably warm faster under a heat lamp: a black cup or a shiny cup?
A black cup
The Sun warms a sidewalk.
Radiation
Water warms from 8°C to 14°C. What happens to the average motion of its particles?
It increases
A metal cup and a foam cup both contain cold water. Which cup wall will transfer thermal energy into the water faster?
The metal cup
Which direction does cooler fluid move in a convection current?
Downward
What does aluminum foil do to radiant energy?
Reflects it
Energy moves through a metal pot while the soup circulates. Name both methods.
Conduction & Convection
Equal amounts of 50°C and 10°C water are mixed. Predict the final temperature.
About 30°C
In which state of matter does conduction work best in?
Solids
A heater is mounted near the ceiling. Where should it be moved to warm the room more evenly?
Near the floor
Name two real-world uses of radiant barriers.
A heat lamp warms a metal cup, and energy moves through the cup wall. Name both methods.
Radiation & Conduction
A pool and cup are both 20°C. Which has more total thermal energy?
The swimming pool