PED (Potential Energy Diagrams)
This part of the diagram represents the energy of the starting materials before the reaction begins.
What are the reactants?
If a reaction feels hot to the touch, it is losing heat to the surroundings and is classified as such.
What is exothermic?
This law states that the total enthalpy change for a reaction is the same regardless of the number of steps it takes.
What is Hess's Law?
Of the three common states of matter, this one typically has the highest entropy.
What is a gas?
This is the standard SI unit for energy, named after an English physicist.
What is the Joule?
In an endothermic reaction, is heat gained or lost in the system?
What is Gained?
In the equation q = mc(Delta T), the letter "c" stands for this physical property.
What is specific heat capacity?
If a reaction has a positive (Delta H) value, it is described as this.
What is endothermic?
This term is a measure of the disorder or randomness within a system.
What is entropy (S)?
While chemistry uses Joules, the nutrition labels on food use this unit of energy to describe how much fuel is in a snack.
What is a Calorie (or kilocalorie)?
Adding one of these to a reaction will lower the activation energy peak but leave the 'Delta H' unchanged.
What is a catalyst?
In the J=mc(Delta T) equation, what does T stand for/mean?
What is the change/difference in temperature (last-first)?
If you reverse a chemical equation, you must do this to the sign of its (Delta H) value.
What is change the sign (or flip from positive to negative)?
When a solid dissolves into a liquid, the entropy of the system does this.
What is increases?
Describe the spontaneity of a reaction with a negative (Delta G) and a (Delta G) greater than 0.
What is if (Delta G) is negative, then the reaction will occur spontaneously?
What is if (Delta G) is greater than 0, then the reaction will be non-spontaneous?
This is the minimum amount of energy required to reach the "peak" of the diagram and start the reaction.
What is activation energy?
This law states that the heat lost by a system must be equal to the heat gained by its surroundings.
What is the First Law of Thermodynamics (or Law of Conservation of Energy)?
How do you find the value of (Delta H)?
What is Products (minus) Reactants?
This thermodynamic quantity (G) predicts whether a reaction will be spontaneous.
What is Gibbs Free Energy?
A "chemical cold pack" is a practical example of this type of reaction, which absorbs heat from your injury.
What is an endothermic reaction?
This short-lived, high-energy arrangement of atoms exists at the very peak of a PED.
What is the activated complex (or transition state)?
Calculate the heat (in Joules) needed to raise 10g of water (c = 4.18J/g) by 10 degrees Celcius.
What is 418 Joules?
This term measures the heat that is either gained or lost by a system that is at constant pressure.
What is enthalpy?
Processes that are spontaneous in one direction are also..
What is nonspontaneous in the reverse direction?
What is the term that refers to the sub-discipline involving chemical reactions and energy changes?
What is Thermochem?