Work/Energy
This is the Law of Conservation of Energy.
What is that energy can neither be created nor destroyed?
[Teacher discretion]
This type of reaction occurred when we made icepacks (exothermic/endothermic).
What is endothermic?
This is the energy barrier between reactants and products.
What is the activation energy?
A reaction can only take place if this happens.
If I want to increase the frequency of collisions, but not change the number of particles in my chamber, I should do this.
What is increase the temperature?
A scientist wants to measure heat flow in an engine. They define their system as the piston chamber and everything contained inside of it. These are the surroundings.
What are everything else in the universe?
When we added more particles to our reaction chamber, we were increasing this physical property.
What is concentration?
The symbol "delta-H" stands for this.
What is the "change in enthalpy?"
Many particles that do collide do not react because they do not have enough of this.
What is kinetic energy?
[Teacher discretion]
Increasing concentration of the reactants produces a faster reaction. This is why.
What is that a higher concentration will lead to a higher collision frequency, i.e. more reactions?
A scientist is measuring the heat flow in an engine. They know that the combustion of gasoline's heat of reaction is del-H = -2,000 J. They should expect this (gain/lose energy) to happen to the surroundings of their system.
What is gain energy from the system?
When we wanted the average kinetic energy of our particles to increase, we increased this in our chamber.
What is temperature?
The difference between the energy of products and their reactants is called this.
What is the heat of reaction?
For many reactions to take place, particles need to contact each other in the proper orientation. This is a good explanation of "proper orientation."
What is that the particles need to collide in just the right way?
[Teacher discretion]
This is why catalysts increase the rate of reaction.
What is that they lower the activation energy?
Gas combusts in a chamber. The chamber's temperature rises. This is an example of this (work/heat). Explain.
What is heat because the flow of energy occurred to a difference in temperature? Also, there was no movement....
[Teacher discretion]
When we mixed two liquids and a yellow solid formed, this is what we call the solid.
What is a precipitate?
This is the name of the temporary molecule that exists as a reactant overcomes the activation energy.
What is activated complex?
This is the Queen of Soul.
What is Aretha frikkin Franklin???
Dec. particle size -> inc. surface area -> inc. # of collisions -> inc. rate of reaction
[Teacher discretion]
This is the compound we will use to make our hot packs.
What is calcium chloride?
This is the difference between the heat of reaction and the activation energy.
What is -350 J?
Enzymes work by making sure molecules line up just right so they can react properly. By doing this, enzymes are increasing the rate of certain reactions, and are, therefore, known as these.
What is making sure the molecules are properly oriented? What is a catalyst?
A researcher is making a cold pack with ammonium nitrate and water. The reaction doesn't happen as quickly as they would like so they add 12.3 grams of ammonium nitrate to their reaction chamber. The result is that the reaction speeds up. The researcher added ammonium nitrate to do this.
What is increasing concentration?