A mental category that groups objects, relations, activities, abstractions, or qualities that share certain properties
What is a Concept
100
A purposeful mental activity that involves drawing inferences and conclusions from observations and propositions
What is Reasoning
100
The tendency to consult one's emotions instead of estimating probabilities objectively
What is Affect Heuristic
100
A statistical estimate of the proportion of the total variance in some traits that is attributable to genetic differences among individuals within a group
What is Heritability
100
The measurement of mental abilities, traits, and processes.
What is Psychometrics
200
A unit of meaning that is made up of concepts and expresses a single idea
What is a Proposition
200
What are the 2 main categories of reasoning in Chapter 7
What is Formal Reasoning and Informal Reasoning.
200
The tendency to look for or pay attention only to information that confirms one's own belief
What is Confirmation Bias
200
psychologists that identified the cognitive stages involved in developing critical thinking abilities.
Who are Patricia King and Karen Kitchener?
200
A measure of intelligence originally computed by dividing a person's mental age by their chronological age and multiplying their results by 100.
What is Intelligence Quotient (IQ)
300
The mental manipulation of information
What is Thinking
300
A set of procedures guaranteed to produce each solution
What is an Algorithm
300
The tendency to for people's choices to be affected by how a choice is presented or framed, such as whether it is worded in terms of potential losses or gains.
What is Framing Effect
300
What environmental factors that can have an adverse effect on mental ability
What is Malnutrition, Poor prenatal care, and exposure to toxins
300
A measure of mental development expressed in terms of the average mental ability at a given age
What is Mental Age
400
Mental processes occurring outside of and not available to conscious awareness
What is Nonconscious processes
400
Rules of thumb that suggest a course of action without guaranteeing an optimal solution
What are Heuristics
400
The tendency to overestimate one's ability to have predicted an event once the outcome is known.
What is Hindsight Bias
400
American parents, teachers, and students that believe that mathematical ability is innate to Asians, can be said to be expressing.....
What is Beliefs about intelligence
400
Who defined intelligence as the skills and knowledge needed for success in life, according to one's own definition of success, within one's sociocultural context
Robert Sternberg
500
Some cognitive processes lie outside of awareness but can be brought into consciousness with little effort when necessary
What is Subconscious processes
500
A process of comparing and evaluating opposing points of view
What is Dialectical Reasoning
500
A letter comes in the mail informing an individual that he was accepted into a college. When he tells his mother she says, “I knew that you would get accepted, I just had this feeling.” What kind of bias is the mother practicing in this scenario?
What is Hindsight Bias
500
Differences among plants within each pot resulted entirely from genetics, the average differences between pots could be environmental. The same general principle applies to individual and group differences among human beings.
What is Tomato Plant Experiment
500
What are the 3 types of intelligence proposed by Stenberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
What is Componential Intelligence, Experiential (Creative) Intelligence, and Contextual (practical) Intelligence