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Pediatrics
Geriatrics
General Medicine
OB/GYN
Potpourri
100
At what age do children normally articulate most words and know basic colors?
4 years old
100
_________ is the most common manifestation of myocardial ischemia in older patients.
Dyspnea
100
What is the most common presenting symptom of rectal cancer?
Persistent hematochezia. Other symptoms include tenesmus and the feeling of incomplete voiding after bowel movement.
100
What is the leading cause of cancer deaths in women?
Lung cancer. Breast cancer is second.
100
What is the most common site of herpes simplex 1 infection?
The lower lip. These lesions are painful and can frequently recur since the virus remains in the sensory ganglia. Recurrences are generally triggered by stress, sun and illness.
200
At what age is it necessary to perform orchiopexy in a child affected with cryptorchism?
12 - 24 months
200
What is the greatest risk factor for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)?
cigarette smoking
200
What is the most common malignant brain tumor in adults?
Glioblastoma
200
What does HELLP stand for?
Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet levels. The HELLP syndrome is a severe form of preeclampsia. Signs and symptoms include right upper quadrant pain or tenderness, nausea, vomiting, edema, jaundice, GI bleeding, and hematuria, in addition to the symptoms of preeclampsia.
200
What is the most common pediatric infection for which antibiotics are prescribed in the United States?
Acute otitis media, either viral or bacterial. Acute otitis media is most commonly diagnosed in children between the ages 6 and 24 months. More than 80% of children have had a diagnosis of otitis media by age 3 years.
300
In January, a 4 month old infant is brought to the emergency room. The parents report the child has had a runny nose, fever, cough and audible wheezing. The child is attending a day care center, and other children have had similar symptoms. On examination, the child has rales, wheezing and intercostal retractions with grunting. The most likely infecting organism is?
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
300
A 75 year old man is brought into your office by his wife. She complains that he is not the same over the last 6 months. His memory is failing him, he has difficulty walking (especially when he initiates walking), and he is incontinent of urine. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH)
300
Third degree heart block is often seen in which type of MI?
Anterior wall AMI
300
At term, what percentage of fetuses are in vertex presentation? (+/- 10%)
95%
300
In what areas are Candida albicans infections of the skin most commonly located?
The intertriginous areas (i.e., in the folds of the skin, axilla, groin, or under the breast). C albicans appears as a beefy, red rash with satellite lesions.
400
A 13 year old girl is brought to your office by her mother. The child has experienced a recent sore throat with fevers and is now complaining of bilateral knee pain. Laboratory evaluation shows an elevated sedimentation rate. The most likely diagnosis is?
Acute rheumatic fever
400
The solid tumor malignancy most frequently diagnosed in elderly men is?
Lymphoma
400
A patient with a history of ethanol abuse presents after a recent tonic-clonic seizure. What particular electrolyte abnormality should be considered and treated during evaluation?
Hypomagnesemia. Treat the patient with magnesium sulfate 2g IV over i hour. Total deficit is often 5 to 10g.
400
What are the risk factors for placenta abruptio? Name 3.
Smoking, hypertension, multiparity, trauma, and previous placenta abruptio.
400
A patient has rotational knee injury and hears a pop. Within 90 minutes, hemarthrosis develops. What is the suspected location of injury?
Anterior cruciate ligament
500
A child presents to the emergency room with abdominal pain. An abdominal series shows a "bird's beak" sign. The most likely diagnosis is?
Volvulus
500
A 65 year old otherwise healthy woman presents to your office complaining of dyspareunia. The examination show a pale-pink vaginal mucosa, loss of rugae, and a friable cervix. The most appropriate treatment is?
Estrogen vaginal cream
500
The risk of lung cancer after smoking cessation approaches that of lifelong nonsmoking after how many years?
15 years
500
Name two potential complications if some placenta or fetal membranes are left inside the uterus?
Retained tissue or products of conception may lead to postpartum hemorrhage and also increases the risk of postpartum endometritis.
500
A patient presents with an itching, tearing, right eye. At examination, large cobblestone papillae are found under the upper lid. What is the probable diagnosis?
Allergic conjunctivitis