Thoracic Anatomy
What are the layers of the esophagus
mucosa, submucosa, circular muscle, longitudinal muscle
What are the primary risks of subclavian line placement?
1. pneumothorax
2. hemothorax
3. infection
A
What is a pleural effusion?
What does VATS stand for?
Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery
This triad describes risk factors for DVT
1. Hypercoaguable state
2. Endothelial injury
3. Stasis
What is Virchow's Triad?
Name this structure (G)
Thyroid
What is an absolute contraindications to removing a chest tube?
Air leak
B
What is a tension pneumothorax?
What are the 5 causes of post operative fever?
1. Atelectasis
2. DVT
3. Infection
4. Drug reaction
5. UTI
The technique used to insert a central line or pigtail catheter
Seldinger technique
Name this structure (H)
Azygos vein
What is the key difference between G-tube and J-tube feed administration?
Bolus vs continuous feeds
C
What is pneumomediastinum?
How do you calculate the maintenance IV fluid rate?
4-2-1 rule (Explain)
What are the 3 types of esophagectomy? Looking at you Jeff and Lauren!
Ivor Lewis, Transhiatal, McKeown
How many segments in each lung?
10 / 8
(J)
What is this device (F) and what is its purpose?
DLT, lung isolation
D
What is situs inversus?
This commonly used pre-op antibiotic covers Gram + bacteria
What is cefazolin?
This syndrome describes venous thoracic outlet obstruction
What is Pagett-Schroetter?
Name this structure (I).
Left recurrent laryngeal nerve
How do you calculate the diameter of a 24 Fr chest tube?
Divide by 3.14
E
What is air under the diaphragm?
A milky-white effusion consisting of lipids and fatty acids
What is a chylothorax?
This triad describes signs of cardiac tamponade
1. JVD
2. Hypotension
3. Muffled heart sounds
What is Beck's Triad?