Types of claims
Assert that something is true or false, was true or false, or will be true or false.
Fact claim
Claim of Value
Why is it hard to argue value claims?
People do not change their values easily. They are apart and define one’s self.
what is an example of explicit forms. (Eg. X will be true)
“X Is true“ or “X was true“
How do you make a strong policy claim?
Back up your wish with a plan.
Asserts the worth of something. “Evaluation claim”
Value claim
The death penalty does not deter crime.
Claim of Fact
What is the difference between instrumental and terminal values?
Terminal values are about ultimate goals or desires, instrumental values are about how one may go about achieving terminal values.
What is an example of implicit forms? (Eg. X is true sometimes)
“X has occurred.” Or “X is occurring in this location”
Make sure the policy includes all its elements, minor repairs, alternative plan, redefine the problem.
Advocated a course of action.
Policy claims
Because violence on television is harmful to all of American society, strict guidelines for permissible content of television shows should be enacted.
Policy Claim
Principles vs consequences.
Is something wrong because it leads to bad things or is it wrong because it violates a principle.
When developing a fact claim what are you looking for? (Eg. Traceable data)
Multiple sources, reproductive results, tested conclusions, or consistent.
When can you use a significant alternative plan when responding to policy claims.
When you agree there’s a problem but disagree about the cause of the problem.