Hormones
What is a hormone?
substances secreted by an endocrine gland into the bloodstream that acts on a specific target tissue to produce a given response
What lies anterior to the thyroid?
STRAP muscles
The most common thyroid disorder
Hypothyroidism
Common place to see ectopic thyroid tissue
Sublingual
How many parathyroid glands do we have?
4, can have 3 or 5
What are the primary thyroid hormones?
Triiodothyronine (T3)
Thyroxine (T4)
Where is the common carotid artery located in relation to the thyroid?
Lateral
The most common cause of hypothyroidism
HASHIMOTO'S
Rare infection that can lead to abscess
Acute suppurative thyroiditis
When serum calcium level increases; parathyroid activity___________
decreases
What does the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone do?
promotes and maintains the growth and development of its target gland-the thyroid. TSH also causes the thyroid gland to secrete its hormones.
Where is the Longus Colli located in relation to the thyroid?
Posterior and lateral
Common cause of hyperthyroidism
Graves disease
What is the least aggressive type of thyroid cancer?
Papillary carcinoma
What labs check for parathyroid function?
serum calcium level
urine calcium level
serum phosphorous levels
When there is a low concentration of T3 and T4, what in turn increases?
increase in TRH which causes an increase in secretion of TSH
Where is the esophagus in relation to the thyroid?
Medial
Can cause depression, brain fog, fatigue, cold intolerance
Hypothyroidism
What would suggest malignancy in thyroid ultrasound?
Solitary thyroid nodule in presence of cervical adenopathy
Hyperfunction of all parathyroid glands with no apparent cause.
Primary hyperplasia
Which thyroid hormone is more potent?
triiodothyronine T3
Where is the vagus nerve in relation to the thyroid?
Lateral
What causes hypothyroidism?
low intake of iodine in body
Inability of thyroid to produce proper amount of thyroid hormone
Problem in pituitary gland
Name the three terms to describe goiter
Nodular hyperplasia
Multinodular goiter
Adenomatous hyperplasia
Characterized by hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, and low serum levels of phosphate (hypophosphatasia)
Primary hyperparathyroidism