The Tree and Parts of a Tree
The ____, ____ and ____ makes up the different parts of a tree.
Crown
Trunk
Root
List 2 parts of the Cross Section of the Tree
•Bark
•Bast
•Cambium
•Sapwood
•Heartwood
•Medullary Rays
•Pith
Annual Rings
____ is typically more expensive.
Hardwood/Broadleaf/Deciduous
____ is the process of cutting down a tree to be use for lumber.
Felling
What are knots?
These are where branches grew from a tree.
The ____ is the central support and plumbing system of the tree.
Trunk
What is another name for the sapwood?
_____ has a faster rate of growth.
Softwood/Conifers
____ is the term given to the sawing up of the log into timber of marketable size.
Conversion
____ and ____ are the two man types of fungi that destroys wood.
•Wet/White Rot
•Dry/Brown Rot
What are 3 benefits of a tree?
•Provides food
•Trees mark the season (e.g. spring, summer etc.)
•Provides wood
•Trees make paper
•Provides shade from ultra-violet rays
•Benefits our health-it acts as a physical filter trapping dust and absorbing pollutants of the air
•Benefits the Environment- helps to prevent flooding and soil erosion
•Provides oxygen
•Keeps the environment cool
•Trees save water by slowing the evaporation process from lawns
The _______ is a thin layer of cell which divide to form new cells towards wood.
Cambium
Give two (2) examples of softwood trees.
cedar, Douglas fir, juniper, pine, redwood, spruce, and yew
____ is the process of removing the excess moisture from timber.
Seasoning
Identify any three (3) defects in timber.
•Shrinkage
•Warping
•Checks, Waney Edge And Knots
•Shakes
•Fungal Attack
•Insect Attack
What is timber?
Timber is a material that is derived from trees that is used in construction.
_______ store and pass food horizontally.
Medullary Rays
Give three (3) examples of hardwood trees.
alder, balsa, beech, hickory, mahogany, maple, oak, teak, and walnut
What are the two methods of seasoning in timber?
•Air Seasoning (Natural)
•Kiln Seasoning (Artificial)
What are the four (4) types of warping?
•Bowing
•Cupping
•Springing/Crook
•Twisting
What is a tree?
This is a woody plant, typically having a single stem/trunk growing to a considerable height and bearing lateral roots at some distance from the ground.
The _____ distributes the food substances provided by the leaves through the whole tree.
Bast
About 80% of all timber comes from ____.
Softwood/Conifers/Coniferous
What are the four (4) methods of conversion?
Plain
Quarter
Rift/Radial
Tangential
What are the five (5) types of shakes?
Cup
Ring
Radial
Star
Heart