When it was young, it was a hot ball of semi-liquids. Eventually, it separated into layers according to the density of the materials it was made up of and now it is made up of the layers we see today.
What is the Earth?
100
The Earth is separated into these slow-moving things made of the Earth’s lithosphere (crust and outer mantle). As they move, they slowly change the geography of the Earth.
What are Tectonic Plates?
100
This super hot, molten rock will slowly cover my crops and village, destroying everything in its path! Although I can simply move out of its way, my home is destroyed almost immediately, and I have to move on.
What is Lava or Lava Flow?
100
This is in the centre and is the hottest part of the Earth. It is solid and made up of iron and nickel with temperatures of up to 5,500°C.
What is the Inner Core?
100
This is a hot fluid or semifluid material below or within the earth's crust.
What is Magma?
200
This is the outer layer of the earth. It is a thin layer between 0-60 km thick. It is the solid rock layer upon which we live. There are two different types.
What is the crust?
200
These are two things: 1) The part of the Earth’s crust that carries land. 2) The part of the Earth’s crust that holds water.
What continental and oceanic crust?
200
Largest of volcanoes (or, at least, the most radius). Lava is very runny – is it not thick and sticky. It flows and oozes very slowly; thus, spreading itself out over distances before the lava hardens.
What is the Shield volcano?
200
It is a layer of rock that has so much pressure and heat the rocks can flow like a liquid. The rocks are less dense than the rocks in the lithosphere.
What is the Asthenosphere?
200
***DOUBLE JEOPARDY*** These are caused by the very hot material at the deepest part of the mantle rising, then cooling, sinking again and then heating, and then rising and repeating the cycle over and over. REMEMBER: WHAT IS HOT RISES AND WHAT IS COLD SINKS.
What are Convection Currents?
300
This is the widest section of the Earth. It has a thickness of approximately 2,900 km. It is made up of semi-molten rock called magma. In the outer parts, the rock is hard, but the inner rock is soft and beginning to melt.
What is the mantle?
300
***DOUBLE JEOPARDY*** These are the three types of plate collisions!
What are continental to continental, continental to oceanic, and oceanic to oceanic plate boundaries?
300
This has thick and viscous magma that slowly builds up underneath a small crater. Builds and builds and builds until it EXPLODES! The lava that runs down sides hardens quickly; thus, it is huge.
What is a Composite volcano?
300
This word basically means "below" + "channel leading somewhere".
What is Subduction?
300
This is a long, narrow ditch.
What is a Trench?
400
This is a liquid layer made up of iron and nickel. It is extremely hot.
What is the outer core?
400
These are the three types of plate boundaries!
What are convergent, divergent, and transform plate boundaries?
400
This substance covers and buries everything in thick and heavy layers when a volcano erupts. This could be a suffocating death.
What are Showers of Ash?
400
***DOUBLE JEOPARDY*** This is small with a large, single vent. Lots of gas in magma, which means fast explosions. Lava quickly turns to ash and rock in the air.
What is a Cinder Cone volcano?
400
These rise into the air creating a blanket that blocks out the sun. Eventually, crops will begin to fail and it will get cold outside! Things are really bad, but I have a little bit of time.
What are Plumes of Dust?
500
This is the solid outer section of Earth, which includes Earth's crust, as well as the underlying cool, hard upper part of the upper mantle. It makes up the TECTONIC PLATES of the Earth’s surface!
What is the Lithosphere?
500
This is an underwater mountain range formed by plate tectonics. This uplifting of the ocean floor occurs when convection currents rise in the mantle beneath the oceanic crust and create magma where two tectonic plates meet at a divergent boundary.
What is an Mid-ocean Ridge?
500
This is a rapidly moving mixture of hot gas and rock (100’s of km/hr + 1000° C); it means immediate death.
What is Pyroclastic Flow?
500
This pollutes the air and environment, which creates acid rain and destroys plants and crops. This causes impoverishment and possible starvation. I might not die immediately, but I have to get out of here soon!
What is Volcanic Gas?
500
The crust that is pulled under melts to form magma. This magma rises to the top of the overriding oceanic plates and erupts on the ocean floor. Over millions of years, the lava and debris from the volcanic eruptions pile up on the ocean floor until the volcano rises above sea level to form THIS.