Transportation & Market Revolution
This major 19th-century economic shift transformed the U.S. by connecting regions through canals, railroads, and new technologies like the telegraph.
What is the Market Revolution?
This political split emerged after the Election of 1824, with one side supporting Andrew Jackson and the other backing John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay.
What are the Democrats and National Republicans?
This 1830 law authorized the removal of Native American tribes east of the Mississippi River.
What is the Indian Removal Act?
These reformers worked to end slavery in the United States, using speeches, newspapers, and activism to change public opinion.
Who were abolitionists?
This secret network of escape routes and safe houses helped enslaved people flee to freedom in the North and Canada, with conductors like Harriet Tubman guiding the way.
What is the Underground Railroad?
This reform movement encouraged Americans to limit or stop drinking alcohol, eventually leading to statewide prohibition laws.
What is the Temperance Movement?
Nicknamed the “Tariff of Abominations,” this tax angered the South because it raised prices on imported goods.
What is the Tariff of 1828?
This famous 1836 battle in Texas became a symbol of resistance after a small group of defenders held out for 13 days.
What is the Alamo?
In 1831, this enslaved preacher led a violent uprising in Virginia that increased Southern fears of further slave revolts.
Who was Nat Turner?
Founded in 1840, this political party was the first in the U.S. to make ending slavery its central campaign goal and even ran James G. Birney for president.
What is the Liberty Party?
These organizations formed by workers aimed to negotiate better pay, shorter hours, and safer conditions during industrialization.
What are labor unions?
This term was used by Andrew Jackson’s supporters to describe the alleged deal between John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay that decided the Election of 1824.
What is the “Corrupt Bargain”?
Created in the 1830s to oppose Andrew Jackson, this political party supported strong federal power and the national bank.
What is the Whig Party?
While tobacco, rice, and sugar reminded important in several states, this comity became the South's major export.
What is cotton?
This influential abolitionist organization, founded in 1833 by William Lloyd Garrison, called for the immediate end of slavery across the United States.
What is the American Anti-Slavery Society?
This financial crisis occurred after economic speculation and banking instability, leading to widespread unemployment and business failures.
What is the Panic of 1837?
Andrew Jackson was criticized for using this system, which awarded government jobs to loyal supporters instead of qualified candidates.
What is the Spoils System?
This idea claimed that states had the right to cancel or reject federal laws they believed were unconstitutional.
What is nullification?
This Spanish slave ship became famous after enslaved Africans took control of it in 1839 and later won their freedom in a U.S. court case.
What was the Amistad?
Members of this abolitionist movement believed people should leave churches that supported or tolerated slavery, arguing that true Christians must separate from immoral institutions.
What is the “Come Outer” Movement?
This 19th-century ideal claimed that women belonged in the home, responsible for raising children and promoting morality.
What is the Cult of Domesticity?
This presidential candidate lost the 1824 election to John Quincy Adams after the decision was thrown to the House of Representatives to be decided.
Who is Andrew Jackson?
Adopted by Congress in the 1830s, this rule automatically tabled anti-slavery petitions without discussion.
What is the Gag Rule?
In the antebellum South, this group of small landowners usually worked their own land and owned few or no enslaved people.
Who were yeoman farmers?
Modeled after the Declaration of Independence, this 1848 document from the Seneca Falls Convention demanded equal rights for women, including the right to vote.
What is the Declaration of Sentiments?