Epithelial Tissues
Epithelial tissues generally lack blood vessels and replaced frequently.
TRUE OR FALSE?
TRUE
The main function of connective tissues is to protect, serve as frameworks, store fat, produce blood cells, fight infection, and repair damaged tissue.
TRUE OR FALSE?
TRUE
What are the types of muscle tissue?
Cardiac Muscle, Smooth Muscle, and Skeletal Muscle
What is nervous tissue?
Nervous tissue forms the core of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
What is epithelial tissue?
Epithelial tissue is widespread throughout the body. It covers organs and lines the body surfaces. These tissues are anchored to a basement membrane, consist of tightly packed cells with minimal intercellular material, generally lack blood vessels, and are frequently replaced.
What is the key cell type that defends against infection?
Macrophages
Which type of muscle cell is long and cylindrical, contains multiple peripheral nuclei, shows visible striations, and contracts only when stimulated by a motor neuron?
Skeletal Muscle Fiber
What is the main function of neurons or nerve cells?
Neurons conduct nerve impulses, allowing communication throughout the nervous system.
Name at least two types of simple epithelial tissue and explain.
Simple Squamous Epithelium - Single layer of thin, flat cells; ideal for diffusion; lines blood/lymph vessels and cavities.
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium - Single layer of cube-shaped cells; central nuclei; helps secretion and absorption in kidneys and glands.
Simple Columnar Epithelium - Single layer of tall cells with scattered goblet cells; lines the uterus, stomach, and intestines.
Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium - Single layer that looks layered due to uneven nuclei; Often ciliated with mucus-secreting goblet cells. Lines respiratory tract to trap and clear debris.
Give the three main fibers of the connective tissues and their functions.
Collagenous (White Fibers): Add strength for holding body parts together
Elastic (Yellow Fibers): Add flexibility to certain types of connective tissues
Reticular: Form supportive networks in different tissues
Which involuntary contractile tissue of the myocardium is composed of branched, predominantly mononucleate myocytes interconnected by intercalated discs containing desmosomes and gap junctions, enabling rapid ionic conduction and synchronous rhythmic contraction?
Cardiac Muscle Tissue
Which cells in nervous tissue help and nourish the neurons?
Helper cells or neuroglia
What does the abbreviation PSCCEGC stand for?
PseudoStratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium with Goblet Cells
Give the three types of cartilage, their functions, and their locations.
Hyaline - Supports respiratory passages/airways: Trachea, Larynx, Bronchi; Covers the end of the bones: Joints, Rib Cage, Tip of the nose
Elastic - Provides a framework to the ears and parts of the larynx.
Fibrocartilage - Provides a shock-absorbing function in the knees, pelvic girdle, and intervertebral disks.
Which type of visceral musculature comprises fusiform, uninucleate cells devoid of cross-striations and operates under autonomic control to mediate peristaltic and tonic contractions within hollow organs?
Smooth Muscle Tissue
How are neurons different from neuroglia in their functions?
Neurons send nerve impulses, while neuroglia support, protect, and nourish them.
A patient experiences frequent urination because the bladder lining cannot stretch properly. The responsible tissue normally can distend and return to its original size, preventing urine from leaking into surrounding tissues. What is this tissue?
Transitional Epithelium
A soccer player collided with another, fracturing his shin (tibia). The area of injury is swollen and bruised. The doctor also found a slight knee ligament strain.
What connective tissues are affected?
Bone - The tibia is fractured, causing direct trauma to the connective tissue.
Blood - Bruising is equivalent to a ruptured blood vessel beneath the skin.
Dense Connective Tissue - The ligaments are strained from twisting or overstretching the knee.
Cartilage - May be compressed or torn in the joint during the collision.
A patient complains of abdominal cramps caused by intestinal contractions that move food along the digestive tract. The responsible tissue consists of fusiform (spindle-shaped) cells with a single central nucleus, lacking striations, and functions under autonomic control.
Smooth Muscle Tissue
If someone’s neurons are working but their neuroglia are damaged, what problem could occur?
The neurons might not receive enough support and nourishment, which can cause them to weaken or stop functioning properly.