Tightening Your Work
Focuses attention to his work or message rather than to himself.
What is Third Person Speaks?
Primary criteria for good writing
What is clarity in writing?
Should not be made up exclusively of big, formal words
What is legal writing?
They carry the meaning of the sentence
What are working words?????
Justice Abad Blessilda Abad-Gamo
Who are the authors of Fundamentals of Legal Writing?
Indirect, limp, and weak.
What is passive voice?
Connects ideas in legal writing that also serve as tools for developing logical reasoning
What are connectives?
Standard for all effective writing
What is being understood?
(1) it takes more words; and (2) its detached abstraction
What are the disadvantages of passive voices?
T/F
The standard of academic writing should be applied in judicial decision
FALSE!!!
A sentence should contain no unnecessary words, a paragraph no unnecessary sentences, for the same reason that a drawing should have no unnecessary lines and a machine no unnecessary parts.
What are needless words?
The opposite of words that apply to a large class of things
What are concrete words?
The important principle to remember to capture in legal writing
What is rhythm of speech?
Null and void; alter or change; last will and testament; cease and desist.
What are Redundant legal phrases????
The things that lawyers write to win others to their points of view.
What is Legal Writing?
Direct, vigorous, and strong.
What is active voice?
"The complainant," "the accused," "the respondent," "the appelant"
What are substitute names?
Two characteristics of natural, dignified writing
What are serious and thoughtful?
elegant variation, noun chain confusion avoidance technique, sexisim in legal writing, adjective-adverb mania, throat clearing
What are the language quirks that lawyers need to be avoided?
A lawyer owes candor, fairness and good faith to the court.
What is Canon 10?
Another way of cramping your work with unnecessary words.
What is the use of excessive block quotations?
2 types of headings
What are general and specific headings?
Three demands of modern legal writing
What are simplicity, clarity, and accuracy?
(1) wordy, (2) unclear, (3) pompous, and (4) dull
What are the four outstanding characteristics that are the result of the writing style of lawyers?
A lawyer shall abstain from scandalous, offensive or menacing language or behavior before the Courts.
Canon 11.03