Ethics
What ethical theory emphasizes the importance of developing good character and virtues?
Virtue Ethics
: This ethical theory focuses on the consequences of our actions rather than the actions themselves.
Utilitarianism
Which ethical theory focuses on the consequences of actions, while the other emphasizes the intrinsic nature of actions?
Utilitarianism focuses on consequences, while Deontology focuses on the intrinsic nature of actions.
Who is the primary philosopher associated with Virtue Ethics?
Aristotle
Who is the primary philosopher associated with Utilitarianism?
John Stuart Mill
Both Utilitarianism and Deontology are concerned with morality, but what is the primary difference in their approaches?
Utilitarianism focuses on the consequences of actions, while Deontology focuses on following universal moral laws.
What ethical theory focuses on following universal moral laws and doing one's duty?
Deontology
What is the measure of morality in Utilitarianism?
Most happiness and pleasure produced for the greatest good
Which ethical theory is more likely to justify actions that might harm individuals for the greater good, and why?
Utilitarianism is more likely to justify actions that harm individuals for the greater good, as it prioritizes the overall happiness of the majority.
Who is the primary philosopher associated with Deontology?
Immanuel Kant
This ethical theory argues that moral rules and principles are not absolute or universal.
Moral/Ethical Relativism
How do Virtue Ethics and Deontology differ in their emphasis on rules and character?
Virtue Ethics emphasizes the development of good character, while Deontology emphasizes following rules and duties.
This ethical theory argues that actions are right or wrong based on their intrinsic nature, rather than their consequences.
Deontology
Who is the primary philosopher associated with Moral/Ethical Relativism?
William Sumner
Compare and contrast the concepts of universal moral laws in Deontology and the varying moral principles in Moral/Ethical Relativism.
Deontology emphasizes universal moral laws that apply to everyone, while Moral/Ethical Relativism argues that moral principles can vary depending on cultural, historical, or individual circumstances.