Purpose
the writer's attitude toward his or her subject
What is tone?
contains a subject and a verb and completes a thought
an independent clause
the subject of the sentence is doing the action
active voice
Identify the participial phrase
The candidate getting the most votes wins the election.
getting the most votes
Identify the prepositional phrase and if it is adjectival or adverbial
The federal government has recently reduced grant money for research.
for research, adjectival
how vivid or specific the writer's words are
What's word choice?
has a subject and verb but cannot stand alone
dependent clause
the subject is receiving the action or being acted upon
passive voice
Identify the participial phrase
Clearing his throat, Bill began to give his speech.
Clearing his throat
Identify the prepositional phrase and if it is adjectival or adverbial
The conductor stepped to the podium.
to the podium, adverbial
the way the author makes the reader feel
mood
sentence that contains a subject and a verb and has only one independent clause
simple
He did not write the essay
active
Add punctuation to this sentence
The magazines cover appealing to younger readers will undoubtedly boost sales this month
The magazine's cover, appealing to younger readers, will undoubtedly boost sales this month.
to refer to a direction use the prepositions:
to, in, into, on, onto
the way an author looks at a topic or the ideas being described
author's viewpoint
contains at least one independent clause and at least one dependent clause
complex
The bike has been repaired
passive
Punctuate this sentence:
We finally found Sam sitting in the lobby
We finally found Sam, sitting in the lobby.
to refer to spatial relationships use the prepositions:
above, across, against, ahead of, along, among, around, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, from, in front of, inside, near, out of, off, through, toward, under, within
perspective from which a story is told
Point of view
contains at least two independent clauses and at least one dependent clause
compound complex
The room had been painted
passive
Identify the participial phrase
We saw a large crowd of people running from the accident scene.
running from the accident scene
noun that follows a preposition
object of the preposition