Tonicity
The combination of a solute and solvent
What is a solution?
When the DNA condenses and the nuclear membrane dissolves
What is prophase?
The longest phase of the cell cycle
What is interphase?
A condition characterized by uncontrollable cell growth
What is cancer?
Any cell that is not an egg or sperm cell
What is a somatic cell?
What is a solvent?
When the chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell
What is metaphase?
Specialized proteins check for DNA damage due to mitosis, replication, or otherwise
What are checkpoints?
A clump of cells in the same location with uncontrolled cell growth
What is a tumor?
The central part of a chromosome that attaches to spindle fibers during mitosis
What is a centromere?
The stuff that dissolves in a solvent
What is a solute?
When the cytoplasm is divided and the two daughter cells are formed
What is cytokinesis?
The phase of the cell cycle when DNA is replicated/copied
What is synthesis?
A change in a cell's DNA
What is a mutation?
A pair of chromosomes that code for the same traits (genes)
What is a homologous chromosome pair?
A solution with a lower solute concentration outside the cell than inside
What is a hypotonic solution?
Two genetically identical cells resulting from mitosis
What are daughter cells?
When organelles double in preparation for cell division
What is G2 phase?
Radiation, UV rays, toxic chemicals, and cigarette smoke (among others) can cause these
What are mutations?
Spindle fibers extend from this during metaphase to attach to each sister chromatid
What is a centriole?
The diffusion of water
What is osmosis?
Organisms with 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes (to a total of 46 chromosomes total)
What are human beings?
All cells come from preexisting cells
What is the cell theory?
A long strand of nucleic acids
What is DNA?
Dissolves during prophase, then reforms during telophase
What is a nuclear membrane?