General Skeletal System
The hinge, ball and socket, condyloid, pivot, gliding and saddle are all called?
synovial joints
axial and appendicular
A thin layer of _______ covers the ends of the bone where they articulate iwth other bones?
Articular Cartilage
The different types of muscles are
smooth, cardiac, skeletal
Fascia
This occurs where two or more bones articulate
joint
Name 3 anatonmical terminology for the location of the bones.
inferior, superior, proximal, distal, medial, lateral, posterior, anterior
What is the main function of the articular cartilage?
Reduce friction between the bones and absorb shock
Name 2 general characteristics common to muscle tissue are
contractility, extensibility, elasticity, atrophy, hypertrophy
When a muscle is undergoing exercise or trained activity, the muscle will get bigger and experience _______ due to an increase in _______.
1: Hypertrophy
2: the number of myofibrils
The 4 types of bones are?
long, short, flat, and irregular
Appendicular: clavicle, scapula, humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges, pelvis, femur, tibia, patella, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals
Axial: cranium, sternum, ribs, vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx
Where is yellow bone marrow stored in the bone?
Medullary cavity
Name 3 muscles located on the arm.
Biceps brachii, triceps brachii, deltoid
Contains bands of contractile protein called actin and myosin and they are important or muscle contraction.
What is the difference between the axial and appendicular skeleton?
Axial Skeleton: limit to the skull, ribs, vertebral column and sternum. Makes up our central axis
Appendicular Skeleton: limit to the pectoral girdle, humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges, femur, patella and more. The appendicular skeleton consist of the limbs and girdles
List the different types of synovial joint and where they're located
Gliding joint: Between the tarsal bones and between the carpal bones
Hinge joint: elbow joint
Pivot joint: radioulnar (wrist)
Condyloid Joint: between the radius and carpal bones
What is the thin shiny white membrane on the bone that is not covered with articular cartilage?
Periosteum
The origin and insertion of muscles are
Origin: the attachment of a muscle tendon to a stationary bone.
Insertion: the attachment of a muscle tendon to a moveable bone.
What give the muscle the striated appearance?
the small structure of myofibrils that have light and dark bands
What are 3 functions of the skeleton?
Protect the vital organs: The ribcage protects the lung and heart, the skull protects the brain
Support and maintain posture: The skeleton provides the framowrkd for the body
Storage of energy: The yellow marrow insides the long bone contain lipids
Anteriorly Convex and Anteriorly Concave are
Curves in the vertebrae.
Anterioly Convex: Curved outwards in the front (thoracis lumbar)
Anteriorly Concave: Curved inwards in the front (sacral)
What is the ends of the femur bone called and what are they made up of?
Proximal and Distal Epiphysis and they are made up of spongey or cancellous bone
Where are the 3 muscle types located?
Smooth: walls of organs
Cardiac: heart
Skeletal: attached to skeleton
Epimysium: outer layer that covers the entire muscle
Perimysium: surrounds the bundles of muscles fibers. They are long and cylindrical that vary in length and width depending on the muscle
Endomysium: layer of the fascia that surrounds a individual muscle fiber