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Why was Henry IV excommunicated by Pope Gregory VII?
What is Henry tried to remove Gregory from the Pope position.
What is habeas corpus?
What is A court order to bring an arrested person before a judge or court is what is known as habeas corpus.
Which monarchs completed the reconquista?
Who is Ferdinand and Isabella pushed for the Reconquista.
Why were people afraid of being excommunicated?
What is They did not want to be excluded from a church or community.
What compromise was achieved by the Concordat of Worms?
What is It was decided that pope’s get to appoint bishops while Emperors were allowed to just bribe them.
In what ways did the Crusades encourage trade?
What is New trade routes opened up while old trade routes reopened. There was also a push to be open to a new world and new ideas.
Why did the pope call for the Crusades?
What is The call for the Crusades was a call to regain the holy land.
What happened in Granada in 1492?
What is Granada was the last Muslim territory and it fell in 1492 to Ferdinand and Isabella.
What important event occurred in Hastings?
What role did the city Caffa play in the spread of the Black Death?
What is Caffa was included in being one of the sites or areas of major outbreaks of the disease. (Travelled from ports on the Black Sea)
Why did the medieval German kingdom call itself the “Holy Roman Empire?”
What is The German kings wanted to create a holy, or Christian, version of the Roman Empire.
What role does habeas corpus play in protecting democratic freedom?
What is It prevented people from being arrested and tried without a court order or justified reasons.
What effect did the Magna Carta have on the development of the English government?
What is The rights extended to ordinary citizens/people. The English government took the basic principles from the Magna Carta.
Why did minorities in Europe suffer during the Crusades?
What is Their beliefs differed from Church teachings. They were harmed, persecuted, falsely labeled as enemies, etc.
What was the connection between international trade and the spread of the plague?
What is Plague was transferred through air and inhaled. One way the plague spread was through trade. People came into contact with one another, on land and sea, possibly spreading the plague from one person to another. (one area to another)
In what ways was the Black Death a cause of change in medieval European society?
What is It tore European society apart; it caused isolation. People fled their towns. Entire families were wiped out. Many people died and villages became ghost towns. It tore feudalism down because lower ranks demanded more from higher ranks.
What is a brief account of some aspect of Jewish life in medieval Europe?
What is Jews were falsely accused of spreading the plague. They were used as scapegoats. They were exiled or massacred. They were also burned alive if they did not convert to Christianity. Jewish communities were destroyed.
"In what annals has it ever been read that houses were left vacant, cities deserted, countryside neglected, the fields too small for the dead to be buried, and a fearful and universal solitude over the whole earth?" What is the writer of the letter describing the effects of?
What is the Bubonic Plague.
How did Joan of Arc change the course of the Hundred Years War?
What is France was losing until Joan of Arc started to lead the army and won important victories. Although she was captured and killed, France eventually won.
What is a serious shortage of food?
What is famine.
What is the killing of lords and burning manors (lower ranks demanding more from higher ranks)
What is the peasant's revolt.
What is the movement to drive the Muslims from Spain?
What is the reconquista.
Who are the Muslims in Spain?
Who is the Moors.
What is a belief that is rejected by official Church teaching?
What is heresy.
What is a series of investigations designed to find and judge heretics?
What is the inquisition.