Innovations
The establishment of these (there are 24 around the world) made it easier to set and follow train schedules.
What are time zones?
Earlier, or "Old" immigrants generally came from Northern and Western Europe. The "New" immigrants in the late 1800s mostly came from these areas of Europe instead.
What are Southern and Eastern Europe?
In order to protect themselves against poor working conditions in urban factories, leaders like Samuel Gompers helped to create these groups, which engaged in collective bargaining practices.
What are Unions?
In order to encourage and protect American industry, the Federal government passed this form of taxes.
What are (protective) tariffs?
This process helped mass produce steel, leading to the creation of bridges and skyscrapers.
What is the Bessemer Process?
What are push factors?
Working class urban dwellers often lived in these crowded multi-family apartments where diseases spread quickly.
What are tenements?
The Interstate Commerce Commission was created to help regulate this powerful industry.
What is the railroad industry?
European immigrants entered the US through Ellis Island in New York. Asian immigrants, like those from China, entered through this other island in San Francisco Bay.
What is Angel Island?
While cities grew as a result of immigration, they also grew due to this type of migration, which helped shift the national population from rural areas to urban areas.
What is rural-to-urban migration?
This 1882 law was an extreme version of Nativism, banning an entire country from sending immigrants to the United States.
What is the Chinese Exclusion Act?
This is the term for the type of monopolistic business innovation that involved one company owning all of the steps in the manufacture and sale of a product.
What is vertical innovation?
This large Union was unlike the American Federation of Labor because it allowed women, African Americans and immigrants to join its ranks. It lost popularity after the Haymarket Affair.
What is the Knights of Labor?
Middle class residents often moved to these areas on the outskirts of cities to avoid the pollution and crime found within cities.
What are suburbs?
This law was passed in order to stop organizations that ran multiple companies at the same time, because those organizations essentially acted as monopolies.
What is the Sherman Antitrust Act?
Paintings and novels during the late 1800s often reflected this gritty style.
What is realism?
This is the effect of industrialization on the cost of living, even among poor working immigrants.
Mark Twain's book titled this, critiqued the state of the United States after it had suffered the effects of industry and urbanization.
What it is "The Gilded Age"?
In his Gospel of Wealth, this man argued that the Federal government did not need to redistribute wealth because the wealthy should give back to society.
Who is Andrew Carnegie?