Vocab
The first 10 amendments of the Constitution that protect citizens
The Bill of Rights
What are the 5 freedoms protected under the 1st amendment?
Relgion
Speech/ Expression
Press
Assembly
Petition
Who is the "Father of the Constitution"
James Madison
People elect representatives to vote, make laws, and govern on their behalf
Republicanism
What group would say "The Constitution prevents people from getting a title of King or Duke, therefore the government will always belong to the people."
Federalist
A group of people who feared a strong central government. These people also pushed to have the Bill of Rights added to the Constitution
Anti-Federalist
This amendment protects you from the courts assigning unreasonable and excessive bails
8th amendment
To determine who would lead the Executive Branch, the Anti-Federalists and Federalists made many compromises in order to limit the powers of this office
Created the office of the President that has a term limit of 4 years. Created the office of the Vice President. President is elected by the group of electors called "Electoral College".
Each branch has the ability to limit the power of another branch. Preventing any branch from becoming too powerful.
Checks and balances.
What was the one success of the Articles of Confederation?
Northwest Ordinance
MUST include
What branch is structured
What TWO plans does it combine
How the branch would be structured
Structured the legislative branch
Combined the NJ and NY plans
Created Senate, upper house, based on equal representation (2 votes per state). The House of Representatives, lower house, based on population.
Mr. Fleming stole a car in Ohio, but Judge Eckels wants him to have his trials in Florida so she can tan. What amendment protects Mr. Fleming's right to have his trial in Ohio?
6th Amendment
A stipulation was created in the slavery compromises that the U.S. could not ban slavery for this number of years
20
The Government is divided into 3 branches to ensure that power does not get concentrated in one branch
Seperations of Powers
Explain what the NW Ordinance did and what states are eventually carved out of the Northwest Territory.
Under the NW Ordinance, the NW territory was to be surveyed. Once surveyed, it was split into townships, with each township being 6 miles by 6 miles. A township was split into 36 1 mile by 1 mile sections. One of those sections had to be a school. The States that would eventually become apart of this territory were Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, Indiana, and Illinois.
This event started out as a way to revise the Articles of Confederation, but eventually, delegates wrote a new governing document called the Constitution
Constitutional Convention
Mr. Green broke his contract with Mr. Sandora. The contract states that if either side does not hold up their end of the deal, they would owe the other $21.00. What amendment allows Mr. Sandora to have a jury trial in this CIVIL case?
7th amendment
What is the runaway slave clause? (Fugitive slave clause)
No state can make a law banning the act of returning a fugitive slave to their master.
The government can ONLY do what the Constitution allows and the power it gives the government. No one is above the law.
Limited Government
The Branch of government with NO term limits
Judicial Branch
This event highlighted the weakness of the central government under the Articles of Confederation
Shays' Rebellion
The Cop pulled over Mr. Haas for speeding and claimed that because he had a bad haircut, he had probable cause to search Mr. Haas's car. What amendment protected Mr. Haas against this illegal search?
4th amendment
Explain the 3/5 compromise AND why it mattered when determining power between Northern and Southern states
For every 5 slaves, 3 would count towards the population. States with a large slave population wanted every slave to be counted so their population would be higher and they would have more votes in the House of Representatives. Northern states felt that this was unfair, especially because slaves could not vote.
The government gets its power from the people. The people have the right to abolish or alter their government.
Popular Sovereignty
Each branch of government and its purpose
Legislative Branch- Make Laws
Executive Branch- Enforce Laws
Judicial Branch- Interpret Laws