The consistent production of goal-oriented movements, which are learned and specific to the task.
What is skill?
100
Skills performed in an environment which is stable and predictable, e.g.pool, archery.
What are closed skills?
100
A series of movements stored in long term memory put into action by the effector mechanism operated under open or closed loop control.
What is a motor program/programme?
100
Input, decision-making, output?
What is a simple model of information processing?
100
Reaction time + movement time
What is response time?
200
Skills which require large muscle and whole-body involvement, such as high jumping.
What are gross skills/gross-motor skills?
200
Skills that have no obvious beginning or end. (e.g. running, cycling)
What are continuous skills?
200
This theory suggest that when a skill is being learned, an overall program of the skill is built up in LTM where the skill becomes automatic, and feedback is not needed.
What is open loop theory?
200
A fast skill that occurs at a subconscious level. It doesn't require attention, no feedback (e.g. typing), therefore, no change in the skill will happen during motion.
What is open loop control?
200
Post-response information based on the nature of the movement.
What is Knowledge of Performance?
300
Skills which are performed in a constantly changing environment, e.g. an invasion game.
What are open skills?
300
Skills that have a clear beginning and end; the skill can be repeated but the performer 'starts again'. (e.g. tennis serve)
What are discrete skills?
300
A skill at the conscious level, great attention is required, slow and jerky movements (e.g. walking along a balance beam for a beginner).
What is closed loop control?
300
Self-regulated feedback.
What is intrinsic feedback?
300
Feedback received during the skill/task/game.
What is concurrent feedback?
400
Skills that are composed of several discrete elements, strung together to produce an integrated movement. (e.g. high jump, triple jump)
What are serial skills?
400
Skills are those in which timing and form are determined by what is happening elsewhere in the environment. (e.g. sailor adjust the trim of the sails and the direction according to the wind)
What are externally paced skills?
400
This theory requires feedback and suggest that movements while being performed can be changed as a result. Movements are slow enough to do so.
What is closed loop theory? What is Adams' closed loop theory?
400
Post-response information based on the outcome of the action.
What is Knowledge of Results?
400
The internal state of a performer, which drives them to behave or perform in a particular way.
What is motivation?
500
Skills that the performer has control over. (e.g. tennis serve)
What are internally (self) paced skills?
500
Three skills on the interaction continuum.
What are individual, co-active and interactive skills?
500
Counter to Adams' Closed Loop Theory suggesting that the motor program is stored as a generalized model about how a skill is to be produced given the conditions at the time. Variability is key to this theory.
What is Schema Theory?
500
Factors that determine response time. Name three.
What is stimulus transmission, detection, recognition, decision to respond, nerve transmission and initiation of action?
500
Which Law; The more choices available to us- the greater number of stimulus- response alternatives, the longer we take to react.