The Americas & Balkans
Many leaders of nationalist movements in these regions had this type of education, which helped them understand Enlightenment ideals.
What is a European-style education?
These Indian soldiers, who made up the majority of the British armed forces in India, led a violent rebellion in 1857.
Who are the sepoys
These people have the oldest continuous culture on Earth, estimated at 50,000 years.
Who are the Aboriginal people?
This identity and nationalist movement emerged among Western-educated Africans after World War I.
What is Pan-Africanism?
This Sudanese cleric declared himself the "guided one" and led a religious army that took control of Khartoum.
Who is the Mahdi (Muhammad Ahmad)?
This peninsula saw a rise in ethnic nationalism inspired by the French Revolution, leading to independence for Greece and Serbia.
What is the Balkan Peninsula
After the 1857 rebellion, Britain established this colonial government, taking direct control of India from London.
What is the British Raj
The British government initially instructed settlers in this colony to treat indigenous inhabitants kindly, but failed to recognize their land ownership.
What is Australia
Led by Usman dan Fodio, this 1804 West African caliphate was the largest African empire since the 16th century.
What is the Sokoto Caliphate?
This warrior queen led the final rebellion of the Asante Empire against the British in the "War of the Golden Stool."
Who is Yaa Asantewaa
In 1878, this treaty ended the Russo-Turkish War and placed Bosnia and Herzegovina under Austria-Hungary.
What is the Treaty of Berlin
Established in 1885, this forum for airing Indian grievances eventually began to call for self-rule.
What is the Indian National Congress?
These indigenous people of New Zealand arrived from Polynesia in the 14th century.
Who are the Maori?
These people in South Africa killed their cattle in a failed spiritual effort to drive out the British, resulting in famine.
Who are the Xhosa
This 12-year-old Vietnamese emperor resisted French rule but was eventually captured and exiled to Algeria.
Who is Ham Nghi
This 1763 British act was the first time a European government recognized the territorial rights of indigenous people in North America.
What is the Proclamation of 1763?
This 1898 war between the U.S. and Spain resulted in the U.S. taking control of the Philippines.
What is the Spanish-American War?
Under this 1840 treaty, Britain promised to protect the property rights of the Maori.
What is the Treaty of Waitangi?
This well-organized South African state fought the British in the Anglo-Zulu War before being defeated.
What is the Zulu Kingdom
This cacique in southern Peru led a 1780 revolt against Spain and was a descendant of the last Inca ruler.
Who is Túpac Amaru II?
This "nation" was the first Native American tribe to develop a syllabic alphabet, a newspaper, and a constitution.
Who are the Cherokee?
Hostilities broke out in 1899 because this treaty transferred Philippine control to the U.S. instead of granting them independence.
What is the Treaty of Paris
This series of conflicts broke out in New Zealand after the Maori became reluctant to sell more land to settlers.
What are the Maori Wars?
This Mande chieftain resisted the French for 30 years before his capture in 1898.
Who is Samory Touré
This 1890 event marked the end of the Indian Wars after the Ghost Dance resistance fell.
What is the Wounded Knee Massacre?