Antebellum
What was the Underground Railroad?
A network of abolitionists that secretly helped enslaved African Americans escape to the North.
Which was the first state to secede from the United States?
South Carolina
Identify one strength and one weakness of the South going into the war.
Strengths: Believed they were defending their homeland, Homefield advantage, Better military leadership (Robert E. Lee)
Weaknesses: Less food crops, Few factories and railroads, Limited central government, Smaller population
Which battle was one of the most decisive battles in the Civil War, ending with Pickett’s Charge.
Gettysburg
Which one of the best U.S. generals chose to fight for the South, despite Lincoln asking him to fight for the Union?
Robert E. Lee
What did the Missouri Compromise do in attempt to resolve the westward expansion slavery debate?
An imaginary line would be drawn west from Missouri. Any new state within the Louisiana Territory above the line would be a free state, and any new state below the line would be a slave state.
What was the Emancipation Proclamation?
The proclamation freed enslaved people only in Confederate territory (assuming the Union army could get to them).
Identify one strength and one weakness of the North going into the war.
Strengths: Strong industrial economy with many factories and railroads, Enormous food supplies, Strong navy, West Point
Weaknesses: Less support from populace,
Had the task of invading and capturing the South,
Weaker military leadership initially
Which battle made Stonewall Jackson famous?
First Bull Run
Who was one of the most gifted tactical Southern commanders in the Civil War?
Stonewall Jackson
What three things did the Compromise of 1850 decide?
First, California would enter the Union as a free state.
Second, the Mexican Cession would be divided between New Mexico and Utah territories, and they would have popular sovereignty.
Third, it included the Fugitive Slave Act.
How did General Grant shift the Northern strategy once he became general of all Union forces?
Grant’s plan for ending the war was to destroy the South’s ability to fight (a war of attrition).
What new “country” did the southern states form? What was their capital and who was their president?
Country: The Confederate States of America
Capital: Richmond, Virginia
President: Jefferson Davis
Which battle proved to be one of the Union’s greatest defeats?
Which Union general, after being removed from his position by President Lincoln, ran against Lincoln in the 1864 election?
George McClellan
What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act and what was its unfortunate outcome?
It would divide the rest of the Louisiana Territory into the Kansas and Nebraska territories and give them popular sovereignty. Proslavery and antislavery forces sent settlers to Kansas to fight for control. More than 200 people had been killed in what newspapers called “Bleeding Kansas.”
What is significant about Appomattox Court House?
Ulysses S. Grant offered Robert E. Lee terms of surrender, bringing the fighting of the Civil War near to a close
What were the four border states that remained in the Union despite being slave states?
Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, Delaware
Where did Ulysses S. Grant began a nine month siege against Lee near Richmond?
Petersburg
Which Union general led the March to the Sea from Atlanta to Savannah, destroying fields, barns, homes, bridges, and factories along the way?
William Sherman
How did the Dred Scott v. Sandford Case change federal policies regarding slavery?
The Supreme Court also made a sweeping decision that declared Congress had no power to outlaw slavery in the territories, making the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.
How did both the North and the South increase funding and troops for the war effort?
What were the three objectives the Union had for the Civil War?
1) blockade southern ports from trading with Europe,
2) capture Richmond, VA, the Confederate capital to capture the government,
3) capture the Mississippi River to cut off supplies.
In which battle did Ulysses S. Grant capture a major Mississippi River crossing that cut off Louisiana, Arkansas, and Texas from the rest of the South
Vicksburg
Identify two of the four abolitionists we covered and briefly explain what they did?
Harriet Tubman - The most famous conductor of the Underground Railroad who had returned to the South 19 times and escaped with more than 300 slaves.
Frederick Douglas - A former slave who published a newspaper that spread antislavery ideas across the country
Harriet Beecher Stowe - Wrote the novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin
John Brown - A radical abolitionist involved in the Bleeding Kansas incident and the raid on Harper’s Ferry.