~Topic 9 Lesson 1~
What were the Middle Ages?
They were the period of European history between ancient and modern times.
How did Charlemagne extend his rule?
His army fought wars to gain territories across Europe.
What characterizes pagans?
Pagans are followers of polytheistic religion.
What was a fief?
A fief was an estate given by a lord to a vassal.
Did serfs or vassals have more power in medieval Europe?
Vassals had more power.
What does topography describe?
It describes the physical features of the Earth’s surface.
How did Europe’s geography attract people to different regions?
Europe’s favorable geography attracted Germanic people to settle throughout the land.
What did missionaries do?
Someone who tries to convert others to a particular religion.
What areas of Europe did the Vikings invade?
They invaded France, Ireland, parts of Russia, and England.
How did the concept of chivalry affect knights?
Chivalry required the knights to be brave, loyal, and honest.
How did Charlemagne work to unite much of Western Europe?
His military victories, spread of Christianity and support of education helped unite much of Western Europe.
What services did monks and nuns provide?
They provided healthcare and educational services, wrote and taught Latin and looked after the sick and poor.
How did Christianity teachings affect the lives of medieval Europeans?
Medieval Europeans followed what they saw as gods law by doing good deeds and avoiding sins.
In what way did feudalism shape medieval Europe?
Feudalism provided a class system in which powerful lords divided land among vassals, and peasants and serfs worked.
How did the arrival of the Germanic tribes affect Europe?
They took power after the fall of Rome, dividing Europe into small waring kingdoms.
In what way do monasteries and convents differ?
Monasteries are religious communities for men called monks. Convents are religious communities for women known as nuns.
How did monasteries help keep classical Greek and Roman civilization alive?
The libraries contained Greek and Roman works, which monks and nuns copied.
In what ways were manors self-sufficient?
Manors produced a wide range of goods and services. Peasants grew crops, raised live stocks, and made clothing.
Why is Europe referred to as a “peninsula of peninsulas”?
Europe is a large peninsulas with smaller peninsula’s extending from it.
Why did Catholic Church have great power over medieval life?
As Christianity spread, church leaders became more powerful. They controlled both religious and non-religious aspects of people’s lives.
Why was the Catholic Church the center of authority?
It was very powerful and controlled religious and non-religious aspects of people’s lives.
In what ways did lords have more power over the medieval life?
Lords gave land and protection to vassals in exchange for service, loyalty, military support, and money or food. Lords ruled nearby lands from the castles.