Laws
What was a benefit of the laissez faire policies practiced during the Second Industrial Revolution?
Many American industries, such as railroads, steel and oil, achieved rapid growth without government intervention
The excerpt below is taken from an amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude….
In which amendment is this excerpt found?
15th Amendment
What was the main goal of the Ku Klux Klan in the 1860s and 1870s?
to terrorize freedmen so that they would not exercise their new rights
Which American inventor was responsible for these accomplishments?
Thomas Alva Edison
Which name was given to Northerners who came South during the Reconstruction era, often to help the freedmen or to find new economic opportunities?
carpetbaggers
How did the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act contribute to the later outbreak of the Civil War?
It reopened the question of whether slavery would be permitted in some Northern territories.
Which amendment did Southern States violate when they imposed restrictive laws on African Americans?
14th Amendment
How did the Radical Republican program for Reconstruction differ from the plans of President Lincoln and President Johnson?
Radical Republicans denied that freedmen should be given equal rights.
Which contribution did African-American entrepreneur Madam J. Walker (1867–1919) make to the American economy?
new cosmetic products and special shampoos for black women
What role did Ulysses S. Grant play in the Civil War?
He defeated Confederate forces at Vicksburg and became Commander-in-Chief of Union forces.
How did the Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 differ?
The first promoted stability, while the second encouraged division.
What was the Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)?
It upheld state laws requiring racial segregation.
Which of the following was a social cause of the Civil War?
Southerners and Northerners disagreed over the continuation of slavery.
How did the Second Industrial Revolution differ from the first?
The first one led to the invention of the steam engine and factory system, while the Second Industrial Revolution focused on the growth of heavy industries such as steel (Bessemer Process), oil and electricity (alternating current).
How did the writings of abolitionists like Harriet Beecher Stowe, in her book Uncle Tom’s Cabin, contribute to the outbreak of the Civil War?
They depicted the evils of slavery, stirring the social conscience of the North.
The statement below is from the Interstate Commerce Act of 1887.
[I]f any common carrier … by any special rate, rebate, drawback, or other device, charge[s] … any person or persons a greater or less compensation for any service rendered, … in the transportation of passengers or property … than it charges … any other person or persons for … transportation of a like kind of traffic … such common carrier shall be deemed guilty of unjust discrimination, which is hereby prohibited and declared to be unlawful.
What conditions led Congress to pass this law?
Abuses of railoads
The excerpt below is from the Standard Oil Trust Agreement, concluded in 1882.
The parties . . .do covenant and assign and transfer all of the stock held by them in the corporations or limited partnerships herein named to the trustees herein provided for…
The trustees shall prepare certificates which shall show the interest of each beneficiary in said trust and deliver them to the persons properly entitled thereto. They shall be divided into shares . . .and shall be known as Standard Oil Trust certificates…
Which law did Congress pass to prevent abuses arising from business arrangements such as the one above?
Sherman Antitrust Act
The list below identifies conditions faced by Native Americans once living on the Great Plains.
What would be the best title for this list?
Conditions on Indian Reservations
How did the growth of the steel industry affect the US economy?
Cheaper steel made it possible to build more railroads, bridges, ships and buildings.
How did Andrew Carnegie contribute to the industrial development of the United States?
He adopted the Bessemer process and other new techniques to mass-produce steel at lower cost.
What was the primary goal of the Dawes Act (1887)?
The act enabled Native Americans to sell most of their land with the intention to integrate Native Americans into mainstream society
What did American farmers in the late 1880s see as their two main problems?
the gold standard and excessive freight charges by railroads
Describe the difference between vertical integration and horizontal integration
What contribution did Cyrus Field (1819–1892) make to the American economy?
laid the first transatlantic cable