vocab
A fortified gathering place at the top of the hill that was sometimes the site of temples and public buildings
What is acropolis?
There are mountains, peninsulas, and numerous islands; The Aegean Mediterranian and Ionian seas make up the borders of Greece
What is the geography of Greece?
What is the Illiad and Odyssey?
lived in the region of Latium; were herders and farmers
Who are the Latins?
created the foundations for Athenian democracy
What are the reforms of Cleisthenes?
The early Greek city state consisting of a city or town and its surrounding countryside
What is polis?
wanted to rebel against the Persians with the mainland Greeks
Many Greeks left the mainland to go to Iona;
Greeks adopted the Phoenician alphabet and the Aeolian and the Dorians settled and established parts of Greece
What is Dark Ages
responsible for the development of Rome; their trade network allowed them to grow wealthy; had the most land and influenced the Romans to devise a different system of government
Who are the Estruscans?
it was the largest city; its Greek culture spread through kingdom which bound it together
What is the significance of Alexandria in Egypt?
the age of Alexander the Great including the successor king that arose in his empire after his death; the period when Greek ideas were carried to the non-Greek world
What is the Hellenistic era?
Ship builders and traders; farmers; lived on the island of Crete; had no walls around the city; built shrines on house tops, hilltops and in caves
What are Minonoans?
Philip built a powerful army and wanted to unite Greece under Macedonia; ended the independence of Greek city states; Alexander the Great defeated the whole Persian empire and kept moving east
What are the Macedonian goals of Philip and Alexander?
Led a massive invasion to Greece; led 180,000 troops and thousands of warships and supply vessels
Who is Xerxes?
peninsula with mountain ranges running through it; had more land for farming than Greece; supported large populations; had a wide spread trade network over land and sea
a wall of shields created by foot soldiers marching shoulder to shoulder in a rectangular formation
What is phalynx?
males joined the military at age 20; women had greater freedom and power; very militaristic and had ephors
What is Sparta?
it ended Athenian greatness; used a certain league formed by Sparta and other enemies of Athens to defeat it
What is the Peloponnesian War?
sent 600 ships to invade Greece; Persian emperor
Who is Darius?
citizens had the right to vote; and made the Romans a strong assertion of the republican principles rather than absolute power of one king
What is the significance of the Roman republic?
"the rule of many"; government by the people either directly or through their representatives
What is democracy?
What is Athens?
he dominated Athenian politics and Athens reached a high point of power because of him; he brings the Golden Age of Athens to Greece
What is Pericles impact as a leader of Athens?
the greatest of the Carthegenian generals; invaded Italy and started the 2nd Punic War
Who is Hannibal?
Made of power monarchies, warrior people, traded gold and bronze, devised an extensive commercial network
Who are the Mycenaeans?