Toulmin and Rogerian

Toulmin Parts and Pieces

100

This is an opinion.

CLAIM

200

These are facts that support the claim. 

GROUNDS

300

These is the assumptions that help to connect the claim and grounds. 

WARRANTS

400

This supports the warrant by giving more facts. 

BACKING

500

These words help to modify and show the differing degrees of the claim. 

QUALIFERS

Turn a Pro to a Con

100

School uniforms help to make sure that students are focused better on their studies. 

School uniforms are harmful because ______________ (add in your own). 

200

Online learning is detrimental to student success as it cannot replicate classroom instruction. 

Online learning is beneficial because __________. (add in your own). 

300

Drug addiction should be treated as a national disease and epidemic the same as any other medical condition.  

Drug addiction should not be treated as a disease as it is the responsibility of the individual. 

400

Cancel culture is beneficial because it can punish offenders when societal structures do not. 

Cancel culture is detrimental because it can punish offenders who do not deserve it. 

500

We should be less reliant on AI usage because AI causes unemployment. 

We should rely on AI more because AI can cut down on employer costs. 

Rogerian Structure

100

Rogerian essays are not concerned with winning and losing arguments, but they attempt to do this. 

Come to a consensus... agreement... compromise... find a middle ground?

200

The introduction to a Rogerian essay should do this. 

Give the background of the issues... introduce the pro and con arguments... state the issues as a problem. 

300

In a Toulmin argument, the claim is opposed by this.

The rebuttal

400

The thesis statement should go here in a Rogerian (writer's own claim).

At the end... just after the consensus. 

500

The opponent's argument should go here in a Rogerian essay. 

At the beginning... just after the introduction... before the consensus.

True and False

100

A Toulmin argument has a consensus statement. 

False.

200

A Rogerian argument is not concerned with winning. 

True

300

The warrant of a Toulmin argument modifies or changes the claim.

False

400

Toulmin arguments and Rogerian arguments are structured differently. 

True

500

Rogerian arguments can have rebuttals.

False

So what's the warrant?

100

Claim: School uniforms are beneficial because they cause less distraction in the classroom. 

Grounds: A study that shows that students are competitive and overly concerned with how they dress.

Warrant: Being overly concerned with clothing can be distracting. 

200

Claim: The internet is making us stupid because we are losing our attention span. 

Grounds: A study that shows that computer and cell phone usage impacts a person's attention span negatively. 

Warrant: A lowered attention span is a sign of stupidity.

300

Claim: The voting age should be lowered to 16 because we need more voice given to youth.

Grounds: Statistics that show that 16-year-olds would like a greater say in government participation. 

Warrant: A significant number of 16 years want to participate so they should be allowed to do so. 

400

Grounds: Community colleges should be free to allow greater access to low income students. 

Grounds: The mission statement and history of community colleges as an institute that desires access. 

Warrant: Colleges should be free to align with their mission statements. 

500

Claim: Zoos are beneficial because they produce helpful and important research. 

Grounds: A study about the use of zoos as a common and accessible research facility. 

Warrant: Accessible research facilities are needed for important research.