Ingestion
Prompt administration of this specific IV antidote, which bypassing beta-receptors by increasing intracellular cAMP via direct G-protein activation, is the classic initial pharmacologic therapy for severe beta-blocker overdose.
What is glucagon?
The most common cause of death in serotonin syndrome.
What is hyperthermia?
The odor of this toxic gas resembles freshly mown grass/hay.
What is phosgene?
You are working around the farm and was bitten by an unknown insect. This animal bite wound site becomes red, swollen. Patient then develops diffuse muscle cramping.
What is black widow spider?
Like cyanide, hydrogen sulfide can impair oxidative phosphorylation through inhibition of this mitochondrial enzyme
What is cytochrome c oxidase?
Severe withdrawal from chronic GHB use closely resembles delirium tremens and is primarily managed using high doses of this class of medications.
What are benzodiazepines
The most common symptoms of CO poisoning.
What is "headache"?
These mushrooms can also act as serotonergic agonists, which especially if the patient is on SSRI can lead to serotonin syndrome.
What is psilocybin / magic mushrooms?
- So if they have myoclonus, tachycardia etc. with their hallucinations look a little farther than their high.
The treatment for a sting ray injury.
Immediately immerse wound in hot water (45°C for 30-90min)
This iconic, catchy mnemonic helps distinguish the venomous Eastern coral snake from nonvenomous mimics like the scarlet kingsnake in the United States.
What is "Red touch yellow, kill a fellow; red touch black, friend of Jack" (or "lack of venom")?
A patient presents with visual disturbances, anion-gap metabolic acidosis, and an elevated osmolar gap after drinking illicit alcohol. This toxic alcohol is the likely culprit.
What is methanol?
After hiking, you noticed that there is a bull's eye shaped rash, photosensitivity and flu like symptoms. Name the heart condition that can develop.
What is heart block? or
What is Lyme carditis?
This mushroom blocks RNA polymerase II
What is Amanita phalloides?
What is "death cap mushrooms"
This genus of spider has a characteristic "red hourglass" on its ventral surface.
What is "latrodectus" (will take "black widow")
Dousing a sting site with household vinegar for at least 30 seconds is the standard protocol for Box Jellyfish (Chironex fleckeri) because acetic acid accomplishes this vital action.
What is inactivating unfired nematocysts (or preventing further venom discharge)?
You arrive to the scene; unconscious child in garage with a bottle of antifreeze next to him.
What is ethylene glycol?
A farmer is found unconscious in a pesticide storage area w/, bronchorrhea, and bradycardia.
This medication should be rapidly administered and titrated to improvement in respiratory secretions.
What is atropine?
This gas is a potent poisoner of cytochrome c oxidase, it is frequently encountered in fires where there is combustion of plastics.
What is Cyanide?
A child in Arizona develops hypersalivation, abnormal eye movements, and neuromuscular hyperactivity after an arthropod sting.
What is bark scorpion? (centuroides)
Mixing household bleach with ammonia-containing cleaners can produce this class of toxic gases.
What are "chloramines?"
Unlike pure beta-blockers, overdose of sotalol poses a distinct risk for this specific lethal ventricular arrhythmia due to its Class III potassium channel-blocking activity.
What is Torsades de Pointes
This delayed immunologic complication can develop approximately 1-2 weeks after exposure to antivenom antibodies.
What is serum sickness?
This gas smells like rotten eggs at low concentrations but rapidly becomes impossible to smell at dangerous concentrations due to olfactory paralysis.
What is hydrogen sulfide?
Coral snake venom consists primarily of neurotoxins that block these specific neurotransmitter receptors at the neuromuscular junction, leading to flaccid paralysis.
What are nicotinic acetylcholine receptors?
A patient with carbon monoxide toxicity can have a PaO of 100 mmHg because an ABG PaOz measures this rather than oxygen bound to hemoglobin.
What is "dissolved oxygen"?